States of Matter
What term describes the state of matter where particles are closely packed and have a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What is the term for the amount of space an object occupies?
Volume
Give examples of chemical properties
What is the main distinction between intensive and extensive properties?
Intensive properties are inherent to the substance itself, while extensive properties depend on how much of the substance is present.
In which state of matter do particles have the highest kinetic energy and move rapidly in all directions?
Gas
What is the freezing point of water in degrees Celsius?
0 degree Celsius
Provide an example of a substance that reacts with oxygen and describe the outcome.
Why are intensive properties better for identifying substances?
Intensive properties are better for identifying substances because they are independent of the amount of material present. This means they remain constant regardless of the size or shape of the sample.
What is the fourth state of matter known as, which consists of charged particles?
Plasma
Give two examples of intensive physical properties.
Density - The mass per unit volume of a substance.
Temperature - A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.
Color - The visual appearance of an object's surface based on how it absorbs and reflects light.
Melting Point - The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.
Boiling Point - The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.
Refractive Index - A measure of how much light is bent as it passes through a substance.
Electrical Conductivity - The ability of a material to conduct an electric current.
Hardness - The resistance of a material to deformation or scratching.
A piece of zinc metal is dropped into a beaker of hydrochloric acid, and bubbles of hydrogen gas are observed.
Question: Which chemical property is being demonstrated?
a) Reactivity with other substances
b) Flammability
c) Acidity or basicity
d) Oxidation states
e) Toxicity
a) Reactivity with other substances
Give an example of an extensive property and explain why it is classified as such.
State of matter formed when a group of atoms (particles with integer spin) is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero.
Bose-Einstein Condensate
Describe what is meant by the term 'density.'
Density refers to the amount of mass contained in a given volume of a substance. It is typically expressed as mass per unit volume.
A worker is exposed to a chemical spill of chlorine gas in a confined space. After inhaling the gas, the worker begins to experience difficulty breathing, coughing, and irritation of the eyes and throat.
Question: Which chemical property is being demonstrated?
a) Reactivity with other substances
b) Flammability
c) Acidity or basicity
d) Oxidation states
e) Toxicity
e) Toxicity
Which does not belong to the group?
What are the main differences between gases and liquids regarding particle arrangement and movement?
Explain how texture is classified as a physical property.
Texture is classified as a physical property because it describes the surface characteristics of a material, such as its smoothness, roughness, softness, or hardness, that can be observed or felt without changing the substance's chemical composition.
Why are all chemical properties considered intensive?
All chemical properties are considered intensive because they do not depend on the amount or size of the substance.
Which does not belong to the group?
d) Temperature