States of Matter
What state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
What is a solid?
Are particles in matter always moving, or are they completely still?
They are always moving.
What do attractive forces do to particles?
They pull particles toward one another.
What do we call anything that has mass and takes up space?
Matter.
You put juice into an ice-cube tray and freeze it. What state is the juice in after freezing?
A solid.
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
What is a liquid?
Are particles in a solid usually close together or far apart?
Close together.
Which state of matter generally has the strongest attraction between particles?
Solids.
What is a particle?
A tiny unit or piece of matter, such as an atom, used as building block to make up everything.
A puddle slowly disappears on a warm day. What process is happening?
Evaporation.
What state of matter spreads out to fill its entire container?
What is a gas.
What happens to particle movement when matter is heated?
The particles move faster.
Which state generally has the weakest attraction between particles?
Gases.
What is the change from a liquid to a gas called?
Vaporization- evaporation is a common type.
Water droplets form on the outside of a cold glass. Where did the liquid water come from?
Water vapour in the air cooled and condensed into liquid droplets.
What happens to ice when it gains enough heat to become liquid water?
It melts; it changes from a solid to a liquid.
Why can a gas be compressed more easily than a solid?
Gas particles have much more space between them.
Why can particles in a liquid move past one another even though they attract each other?
Their attraction holds them near one another but allows them to move past each other.
What is the change from a gas to a liquid called?
Condensation.
A student says particles in a solid do not move at all. Is the student correct? Explain.
No. Solid particles vibrate around fixed positions.
A gas is moved from a large container into a small container. What happens to the space it occupies?
It spreads out to fill the available space in the smaller container.
Two samples of the same substance have different temperatures. How does temperature affect their particles' average motion?
The warmer sample's particles move faster on average.
Using our class model, rank the attractive forces from strongest to weakest: gas, solid, liquid.
Solid, liquid, gas.
What does compressibility describe?
How easily a substance can be squeezed into a smaller volume.
A solid is heated until it melts. Describe what happens to its particles and how the attractive forces relate to the change.
The particles gain energy and move more. They can move past one another as the solid becomes a liquid; attractions remain but no longer hold the particles in fixed positions.