Matter
What is matter?
Matter contains particles, takes up space and has weight.
Name 3 properties of a solid
Particles vibrate in place, has fixed volume and keeps it's shape
What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma.
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances whose particles are not joined together.
You leave a glass of water outside, and after a few days, it is empty. What process caused this?
Evaporation—the water turned into gas and mixed with the air.
3 states of matter
Solid, Liquid or gas
Name 3 properties of a liquid
Particles can move around, keeps its volume but not a fixed shape
Similarities between the 4th state of matter and gases
The particles spread and there is no fixed shape or volume.
What is a substance?
A substance is matter that is made up of one type of particle with unique properties.
Why do ice cubes shrink when left in the freezer for a long time?
Sublimation—the ice changes directly from solid to gas without becoming liquid.
What is a particle?
The smallest unit of matter.
Name 3 properties of gas
particles move freely, takes the shape of the container and volume change based on the container
Do odors contain particles?
Odors are made of particles of a material that travel through the air.
Why are salt, sugar, and baking soda different?
The three powders are different materials.
Why does an inflated balloon shrink if you put it in the freezer?
The gas particles slow down and take up less space as they lose energy.
Can matter be created?
Matter doesn’t appear or disappear!
What happens to the volume of a liquid when it is poured into a different container?
Stays the same!
What happens when a liquid boils?
The liquid gains heat, causing its particles to move faster and change into gas.
All solutions are mixtures, but not all mixtures are solutions.
Why does ice float on water even though both are made of the same substance?
Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water. When water freezes, its molecules spread out, making it less dense than liquid water.
Does air have weight?
Yes. Think of an inflated balloon!
What happens to the particles in a gas when it is cooled?
The particles slow down and move closer together, which may cause the gas to condense into a liquid.
What would happen to the mass of a closed water bottle if the water inside it evaporates?
The mass stays the same because no matter is lost—the water just changes into gas and stays inside the bottle.
How do you know if a material is a substance or a mixture?
The different substances in a mixture can also always be separated again.
If you mix sand, salt, and iron filings, how can you separate them?