A
What halogen is added to drinking water and toothpaste to help prevent tooth decay?
flourine
What is formed by electrons zooming around the nucleus of an atom?
electron cloud
What is the chart of organized arrangement of all known elements?
periodic table of elements
What do we call two or more atoms that are firmly bound together?
molecule
What kind of charges attract?
opposite
What is a substance that is composed of only one type of atom?
element
What is the hardest of all known substances?
diamond
Are most metals solid or liquid?
solid
What is the very hard, important ingredient in stainless steel and rechargeable batteries?
nickel
What are the highly reactive elements that tend to form compounds with alkali and alkaline earth metals?
halogens
What type of charge does a proton have?
positive
Will a neutral atom have an equal number of protons and electrons or will the numbers be different?
equal
What is a substance that is composed of two or more types of atom and are bonded together?
compound
What is a compound made of charged atoms called?
ionic compound
What are the names of the particles that compose all matter?
atoms
What two particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
What is the basic building block of the complex compounds found in your body and in all living organisms?
carbon
What is the simplest kind of atom and has only one proton and one electron?
hydrogen
What do we call the “layers” that electrons in orbit form when they are the same distance from the nucleus?
shell
Same
What is a compound made of molecules called?
molecular compound
What is anything that takes up space and has mass called?
matter
What is the term for the amount of matter in one unit of volume?
density
What two metric forms of unit do we use to measure an object’s mass?
grams and kilograms
What is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature?
mercury
What do we call something that is lacking an electrical charge?
neutral
What happens to iodine when it is heated?
”sublimes” or turns into a gas
What are the elements that do not combine with anything else except under unusual circumstances?
noble gases
What colorless odorless gas makes up 78% of the earth’s atmosphere?
nitrogen
What halogen is used in bleach?
chlorine
What is the term for the amount of matter that makes up an object?
mass
What tiny particles buzz around the nucleus of an atom?
electrons
What semimetal is used to make computer chips and other electronic devices?
silicon
What element is the most abundant at the surface of the earth?
oxygen
What is the only metal that is a liquid at room temperature?
mercury
What is the study of what substances are made of and how one substance can be changed into another?
chemistry
What is the term for the number of protons an atom has?
atomic number
What halogen is added to table salt?
iodine
What is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object called?
weight
What is the dense core at the center of an atom?
nucleus
What is the densest of everyday metals?
lead
What is the most common alkaline metal?
calcium
If two objects have the same volume, but different densities, the object that is made of a denser substance will weigh more or less?
more
What is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object and will therefore change from place to place?
What are the three main groups of elements?
metals, nonmetals and semimetals
What is the process in which atoms of elements or compounds are rearranged to form new substances?
chemical reaction
What is the rapid reaction of any substance with oxygen?
combustion
What shape do atoms of sodium and chlorine fitted together make?
crystal
What transuranium element is the most abundant?
plutonium