Physical Properties
This tells us how hot or cold something is.
Temperature
Matter that keeps its shape and does not flow is called a ____.
Solid
When ice warms up and becomes liquid water, this change is called ____.
Melting
Energy you can feel as warmth is called ____.
Thermal energy (heat)
Small pieces of broken rock and tiny bits of dead plants and animals can make soil. True or False?
True
The amount of matter inside an object; we measure it with a balance.
Mass
This state of matter takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume. What is it?
Liquid
When water on the outside of a cold glass appears, tiny drops form. This process is called ____.
Condensation
Light energy lets you see. Name one source of light energy.
Example: the Sun, a light bulb, or a candle
Name one quick (rapid) change to Earth’s surface caused by shaking under the ground.
Earthquake
This property makes certain metals stick to a magnet.
Magnetism
This state of matter has no fixed shape and spreads out to fill its container.
Gas
Describe what happens to water when it is heated enough that it becomes water vapor. Use the word "evaporation" or "vapor."
Evaporation (or boiling to make vapor)
Sound energy is made by something moving back and forth quickly. What is the word that describes that back-and-forth motion?
Vibrations
Sand and clay can form from rocks over a long time by wearing down. What word describes this wearing down of rock?
Weathering
Name two physical properties you could test and record for a rock. (Give two separate answers.)
Examples: color, texture, mass, magnetism, temperature, ability to sink or float (any two)
Give one example of something that is a solid, one example that is a liquid, and one example that is a gas.
Example answers: rock (solid), milk (liquid), air (gas)
Predict and explain what will happen to a puddle on a sunny day (use the words "heat" and "evaporation").
Sample answer: The puddle will evaporate because heat from the sun gives water energy so it turns into water vapor.
Mechanical energy moves objects. Give one example of mechanical energy in everyday life.
Example: a rolling ball, wind turning a windmill, a person kicking a ball
Give two ways people use natural resources (pick two different uses).
Examples: building homes (construction), farming (agriculture), cars/trucks (transportation), making products like paper or plastic
You drop a ball into water and it does not sink. Use the terms "sink" or "float" and "mass" to explain why it might float.
Sample answer: The ball floats because its mass is low compared to the water it displaces, so it does not sink.
Explain why a liquid and a gas both "take the shape of their container" but are different in how they fill the container.
Sample answer: A liquid takes the shape of the container but keeps the same volume; a gas fills the whole container and can change volume.
You cool steam and it becomes liquid again. Name the process and describe what caused the change.
Condensation — cooling causes water vapor to lose energy and change back to liquid.
Explain how heat (thermal energy) can cause a change in the state of matter. Use an example from class.
Sample answer: Heat causes ice to melt into liquid water because thermal energy makes particles move faster and break the solid structure.
Explain one way to conserve natural resources at school and why it helps (use reduce, reuse, or recycle).
Example: Recycling paper at school reduces the need for new wood, which helps conserve trees and other natural resources.