General
What is heating and cooling?
- heat is added to make something warmer, cold is taken away
- cold is added to make something colder, heat is taken away
What is a solid?
a state of matter that stays the same shape and size that you can see and touch
What are the 4 stages of the water cycle?
Collection, Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation
What is a natural material?
materials that come from nature (plants, animals, land, sky)
What does heat do to solids?
What is a liquid?
a state of matter that can be poured easily and takes the shape of the container it’s in
What is collection?
- the precipitation reaches the ground and joins into rivers, oceans, lakes, puddles or gets soaked into the ground
*some of it will evaporate and the water cycle starts all over again
What is a processed material?
things that people make using natural materials
What does heat do to liquids?
It turns liquids into gas
What is a gas?
a state of matter that can be spread all over to fill up a room or container and does not keep a fixed shape
What is evaporation?
- water gets warmed by the sun and turns into a gas (invisble water vapour)
- the vapour rises with the warm air in the sky
Rubber is a...
processed material
What happens when you cool a liquid?
What is matter?
- anything that has weight and takes up space
- made up of particles
What is precipitation?
- when the water droplets get heavy enough, the air can’t hold them, so they fall back down to the earth
- when the air is warm, they fall as rain and when the air is cold, they fall as snow
What type of change is it when you make a processed material out of natural materials?
Permanent Change
What is a permanent and reversible change? Give an example of each.
Permanent: a change that can NOT be undone (baking cookies, popping pop corn, burning paper, cooking an egg)
Reversible:
a change that can be undone (folding shirts, knocking down blocks, building a sand castle, freezing juice to make a popsicle)
When you boil a liquid, what state of matter does it transform into?
When a liquid gets boiled, it turns into gas through steam.
What is condensation?
- when water vapour meets cold air in the sky, it comes together into water droplets and forms a cloud
When baking a cake, you can NOT reverse this change because...
It is a permanent change. Mixing the ingredients together and heating up the batter in the oven causes a reaction that cannot be reversed.