States of Matter
What are the three states of matter?
solid, liquid, and gas
What is one way to measure mass?
using a balance or scale
What happens to sugar when it is mixed into a glass of water?
It dissolves and the sugar particles spread out and mix with the water particles.
What type of changes happen to a substance during a physical change?
change in size, shape, or state
__________ is a measure of whether an object floats or sinks in a gas or liquid.
Buoyancy
Which state of matter keeps its shape?
solid
What word is used to describe the amount of space that matter takes up?
volume
What happens when you add more of a material to water than the water can dissolve?
What is a chemical change?
a change in which one or more new substances is produced and energy may be released
____________ is a measure of the amount of a material that will dissolve in another material.
Solubility
liquid
What is the name of a tool used to measure liquid volume? (Hint: we used them to do our vinegar & baking soda balloon experiment)
graduated cylinder
How can you float a piece of solid material that is denser than water? (such as metal)
Combine it with something less dense than water. For example, fill it with air, or attach foam.
Describe one example of a physical change.
Answers will vary. Examples are:
ice melting
cutting something into smaller pieces
crumpling up a piece of foil into a ball
The amount of matter in an object is its_________.
mass
Which sentence describes a liquid?
A. particles slide past each other
B. particles stay near their neighbor
C. particles are arranged in a pattern
D. particles bounce away from each other
A. particles slide past each other
What property of matter compares the amount of matter to the space that the matter takes up, or in other words, how tightly packed the particles of an object are?
density
Any material that floats in water:
A. is denser than water
B. has the same density as water
C. is less dense than water
D. is made of metal
C. is less dense than water
Which of the following is a chemical change?
A. boiling some water
B. frying a hamburger
C. sawing a board
D. grinding wheat into flour
B. frying a hamburger
Another name for a chemical change is ___________.
a chemical reaction
Describe how one of the following changes in state of matter could happen:
solid ---> liquid
liquid ---> gas
liquid ---> solid
Answers vary. Possible answers:
solid ---> liquid = melting
liquid ---> gas = evaporating or boiling
liquid ---> solid = freezing or solidifying
A yellow ball and a green ball are the same size, but the yellow ball is denser. That means the yellow ball has:
A. less volume
B. more volume
C. more matter taking up the same space
D. less matter taking up the same space
C. more matter taking up the same space
Explain why a balloon full of helium floats in the air and a balloon you blow up with your breath sinks to the ground.
Helium is less dense than air, so the helium balloon will float. Our breath is more dense than the air around us, so a balloon you blow up will sink to the ground.
Is an explosion a slow or a fast chemical reaction? Explain.
Explosions are fast chemical reactions. The energy and light are released quickly.
When the particles of a mixture are evenly mixed and can't be seen, the mixture is a ______________.
solution