Enter Category Name
what is matter?
-Matter is anything that takes up space.
-Matter has three main forms; solid, liquid and gas.
-Matter can change its forms when the conditions are right.
Density
-If the atoms in a material are closely packed together the density of the object will be greater than an object that has atoms that are further apart.
Example: A baseball and tennis ball are close in size but one has a much greater density.
-You can figure out an object’s density by dividing its mass by the volume.
-A rock has greater density than water, which is why a rock sinks in water.
Boiling point
-Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid will change into gas.
-This varies depending upon the object’s mass and density level.
-When heat energy is added to a liquid it allows the molecules to move around, spread out and flow as gas.
-The boiling point of water is 212 degrees fahrenheit.
Matter
-Everything in the universe is made of matter and therefore made of elements.
-An element is a substance made entirely of one type of atom.
Solid
-Solid has a set shape.
-A solid’s atoms and molecules are packed closely together and move very little. (They are “set”).
-Solids that have a greater amount of atoms than others will
Condensation & Evaporation
-When a gas cools below the boiling point it condenses.
-This means a gas will change into a liquid.
-When a liquid changes to a gas below the boiling point this is called evaporation.
An atom
-Atoms have three parts; protons, neutrons, and electrons.
-The nucleus (or core) is made up of protons and neutrons.
-Electrons circle the nucleus.
-An electron is a negatively charged electrical particle.
-A proton is a positively charged electrical particle.
-A neutron is a particle with no charge.
-The electrons and protons are equal in their charge.
Liquid
-A liquid does not have a set shape.
-A liquid’s atoms and molecules have a little more “wiggle” room and that allows them to move, flow & change shape.
-Liquids that have a greater amount of atoms than other liquids will also have a greater density.
-Liquids are measured by volume.
Freezing point
-Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid will change into a solid.
-When the temperature is lowered in a liquid it allows the molecules to slow down and get closer together to form a solid.
-The freezing point of water is 32 degrees fahrenheit.
Mass
-Mass is the amount of matter an object contains.
-The weight of an object’s mass is relative to its location
-On Earth we measure weight of mass in pounds and ounces OR grams and kilograms.
-On the Moon your weight (mass) would be ⅙ of that of Earth.
Gas
-A gas will spread out to any size or shape.
-A gas’ atoms and molecules are bouncing around and moving apart.
-Because gas’ molecules are so far apart it enables them to spread out as far as they can.
Volume & Density
-Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.
-Density measures how heavy something is for its size.
Melting point
-Melting point is the temperature at which a solid will change into a liquid.
-This varies depending upon the object’s mass and density level.
-When heat energy is added to a solid it allows the molecules room to move around and flow as a liquid.
-Melting point of Silver is 1,762 degrees Fahrenheit.