What is Matter?
What two things must something have in order to be considered matter?
What are mass and volume?
What are the 3 states of matter?
What is a solid, liquid and gas?
According to the particle theory, what is all matter made of?
Tiny particles
What device measures mass, and what units might it use?
A scale; units include mg, g, kg.
Name one example of something that is matter and one example of something that is not matter.
Matter: water, air, rock, dust.
Not matter: light, sound, heat
What happens to particles when a solid melts into a liquid? (movement and space of particles)
They move faster and spread farther apart.
Name two of the five main ideas of the particle theory of matter.
(Any two):
All matter is made of tiny particles
Particles of one substance are identical
Spaces exist between particles
Particles are always moving
Particles are attracted to each other
What is the formula for calculating the volume of a regular rectangular object?
Length × Width × Height.
Explain why light is not considered matter.
It has no mass and does not take up space.
Name all four changes of state and describe whether heat is gained or lost in each.
Melting → solid to liquid (gains heat)
Evaporation → liquid to gas (gains heat)
Condensation → gas to liquid (loses heat)
Freezing → liquid to solid (loses heat)
Which state of matter can be compressed the most, and why?
Gas, because its particles are far apart.
A graduated cylinder reads 30 mL before a rock is dropped in. After the rock is added, it reads 40 mL. What is the rock’s volume?
10mL
If air is invisible, how do we know it is still matter?
Because it has mass and takes up space. For example, air has weight and can inflate objects.
Using water as an example, explain how the particles behave in a solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid ice: tightly packed, only vibrate
Liquid water: slide past each other
Gas vapour: far apart, move quickly and freely
Explain the meaning of density and how it depends on mass and volume.
Density is how tightly packed the particles are; an object with high mass and low volume is more dense.
A box has a mass of 90 g and a volume of 120 cm³. What is its density? (Proper units need to be included)
0.75g/cm³