States of Matter
What are the three states of matter?
Solids, Liquids, and Gases
What is a physical change?
A change that affects one or more physical properties but does not change the substance's identity.
What is a chemical change?
A change that produces one or more new substances.
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
What is a solid?
A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.
Give an example of a physical change.
Melting ice, breaking a glass, or dissolving sugar in water.
Give an example of a chemical change.
Rusting iron or baking a cake.
Name two properties of solids
Definite shape and definite volume.
How is a solution different from a mixture
A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another.
How does a gas behave?
What happens to ice when it melts?
It turns into liquid water.
What are signs of a chemical change?
Bubbling, color change, heat production, or light emission.
What is density?
A measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume.
Give an example of a solution.
Saltwater or sugar water.
What happens to a liquid when heated?
It can turn into a gas or evaporate.
How can you separate a mixture?
By using physical methods like filtering, using a magnet, or evaporation.
How does burning wood show a chemical change?
It produces ash, smoke, and gases that are different substances.
How do you measure the volume of a liquid?
By using a graduated cylinder or measuring cup.
What happens when you mix salt and water?
The salt dissolves to form a solution.
Describe how particles move in a solid.
Particles in a solid vibrate in place and are tightly packed.
Why is cutting paper a physical change?
Because the paper's identity remains the same despite its size change.
Why can't you reverse a chemical change?
Because new substances are formed that cannot be changed back to the original substance by simple physical means.
Increasing temperature can cause solids to melt into liquids and liquids to evaporate into Gases.
How can you separate components of a solution?
By evaporation or distillation.