Cars
Name 3 exterior and 3 interior car parts.
Exterior - windshield wipers, bumpers, exhaust pipe, tyres, wheel trim, wheel arch, logo, badge ...
Interior - gas pedal, clutch, brake, rear-view mirror, seat belt, dashboard, gauges, air- condition, glove compartment, steering wheel, gear stick ...
Correct the sentence:
Insulators are coated with conductors.
Conductors are coated with insulators.
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
What are two official languages in Canada?
English and French
What is the origin of the word "robot"?
It comes from the Czech word robota; created by Josef Čapek and used by Karel Čapek in R.U.R.
Name two types of maintenance and explain the differences.
Preventive m. - check and replace worn components before they fail; partial or complete overhauls; less expensive
Corrective m. - a repair; restore the functionality of broken car parts; more expensive
Explain the terms and give examples:
Conductors / Semiconductors / Insulators
Conductor - a material full of free electrons with little resistance (silver, aluminium, copper, iron...).
Semiconductor - a material which contains impurities to reduce conductivity (germanium, silicon...).
Insulator - a material which contains very few free electrons (glass, rubber, wood...).
Explain the terms HARDWARE / SOFTWARE.
Give three examples of hardware.
Software - computer programs and related data
Hardware - all components you can physically see
ex. CPU, internal memory system, storage system, input and output devices
Name the states that are in the UK and what are their capitals?
England - London
Wales - Cardiff
Scotland - Edinburgh
Northern Ireland - Belfast
Name 4 examples of environmental problems.
Global warming, ozone hole, deforestation, acid rain, toxic pollution
Name four strokes of a four-stroke combustion engine.
Intake
Compression
Combustion
Exhaust
Name five parts of a simple electric circuit and explain their functions.
Conducting wires - conduct el. current
Load - a device which consumes electric power
Switch - opens and closes the circuit
Source - provides power
Fuse - a protective device
What do RAM and ROM stand for? Explain the differences.
RAM - Random Access Memory - volatile memory, all data can be stored as long as the machine is on.
ROM - Read Only Memory - non-volatile memory, contains permanent data and information which is difficult to be modified.
Name the original inhabitants of the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.
USA - Native Americans
Canada - Inuits
Australia - Aboriginal Australians
New Zealand - Maori
What do CAD - CAM - CNC stand for and what are the stages of industrial production?
CAD - computer aided desing
CAM - computer aided manufacturing - converts the desing of the component into computer language
CNC - computer numerical control - the computer language gives instructions to the CNC machines
Industrial production: desing - CAD, prototype, production - CAM, CNC
Name 6 car maintenance tasks (done by you or at a car service)
car wash, check or replace the engine oil and filters, check windshield wipers, inspect tyre pressure and wear, check wheel alignment, inspect brake pads, lubricate locks and hinges, check lights, inspect spark plugs, tighten chassis bolts ...
What's a short circuit? When can it occur? How can we prevent it?
Short circuit - when an abnormally high amount of current passes through a network.
It may occur when there's a drop in the resistance or a broken insulation.
We can use fuses which melt and interrupt the circuit.
Explain the terms OUTPUT / INPUT DEVICES
Give three examples of each.
Name two devices that can be both input and output.
Output d. - convert and transfer data out of the computer (text, sound, image etc.). Ex. speakers, monitor, printer, projector.
Input d. - send data to the computer. Ex. mouse, keyboard, scanner, webcam.
Input and output - modem, disk-drive, touchscreen
How many stars and stripes does the American flag have and what do they represent?
50 stars represent 50 states in the USA
13 red and white stripes represent the 13 original colonies that declared independence from Britain in 1776
Name 6 inventors and their inventions.
brothers Wright - plane
T. A. Edison - bulb, phonograph
A. Nobel - dynamite
O. Wichterle - contact lenses
P. Diviš / B. Franklin - lightning conductor
J. Guttenberg - printing press
A. Fleming - penicillin
A. G. Bell - telephone
H. Ford - assembly line
T. Berners-Lee - WWW
Ch. Babbage - computer
Describe how the four-stroke engine works.
Intake - a mixture of fuel and air is injected into the cylinder through a fuel injection system
Compression - the piston nears the top of its motion and compresses the fuel and air which increases the explosiveness.
Combustion - the piston hits the top of the cylinder, the fuel is ignited by a spark plug and the combustion pushes the piston back down.
Exhaust - the piston is propelled downward and the exhaust fumes are expelled through the exhaust pipe.
Name two ways how the components of a circuit can be wired = name two kinds of el. circuit.
Explain the differences, advantages, disadvantages.
Series circuit - components are arranged one after another in one branch. If one component burns out, the entire circuit stops operating (Christmas tree lights).
Parallel circuit - consists of several different paths connecting the components. If one component burns out, the other paths continue to operate (at home each socket can function independently).
Name six kinds of printers.
Inkjet printer
Laser printer
Dot matrix printer
Thermal printer
3D printer
Plotter
Pick 2 British and 2 American holidays and say when, why and how they are celebrated. Don't choose Christmas and Easter.
Boxing Day (UK) - Dec 26th, gifts or "Christmas boxes" were given to servants and poor people; nowadays spending time with family, shopping sales
Guy Fawkes Night / Bonfire Night (UK) - Nov 5th, commemorates the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes and others attempted to blow up Parliament. Nowadays fireworks, bonfires, burning "The Guy".
Thanksgiving Day (USA) - last Thursday in Nov, giving thanks for the blessings of the harvest; nowadays spending time with family, eating turkey
Independence Day (USA) - Jul 4th, declaring independence from Great Britain; nowadays celebrated with fireworks, parades, barbecues and family gatherings
Explain the terms ROBOTICS / DOMOTICS and give examples.
Robotics - branch of automation in which the automated machines have certain human features and are used to replace human workers in various operations (robotic arm, surgical robot, mobile robots etc.)
Domotics - use of automation technologies in households for the comfort and security of residents (lights, heating, shutters, conditioning systems etc. can be controlled by a remote control or smart phone)