Properties of water
Is water with pH 10 acidic or basic?
basic
Why are the highest temperatures at the equator?
most direct sunlight
What causes variation in traits among individuals?
Which group is responsible for infections in fish farms and skin tumors on turtles?
Is the pH of the ocean slightly acidic or slightly basic?
What are very large waves caused by offshore earthquakes called?
tsunamis
What are the 2 components of a scientific name?
genus, species
Which group of bacteria are photosynthetic and some species are nitrogen fixers?
cyanobacteria
What property of water accounts for surface tension?
hydrogen bonding
What are zones when cold nutrient rich water is brought to the surface?
upwelling
What does heterotrophic mean?
eats others (not a primary producer)
Which type of primary production happens at hydrothermal vents?
chemosynthesis
Why doesn't oil dissolve in water?
Oil is nonpolar (water is polar)
What primarily controls the tides?
gravitational pull of the moon
Why can't you define a species solely based on morphology (what it looks like)?
What are heterocysts?
specialized cells for nitrogen fixation
What are the 2 main factors controlling water density?
In a location with a semidiurnal tide, if you have high tide at 6am, about what time will the next high tide be?
6pm
How are different species most often defined?
reproductively isolated
Which group contains members that can degrade plastics?
heterotrophic bacteria
About 47% of the energy from the sun is absorbed by Earth. Where does the rest go?
atmosphere, back to space
What is a vertical zone of rapid temperature change in the ocean called?
thermocline
How do environmental conditions impact what traits a population has?
traits that maximize success (survival and reproduction) will be present in higher proportions in a population
Which group contains members than can be found at hydrothermal vents?
archaea
What colors can't be seen at 100ft down in the ocean because those wavelengths are absorbed?
red, orange
What force generates most surface waves?
wind
What is natural selection?
Traits that improve an organisms chance for survival and reproduction are passed on more frequently than those that do not
Which group are not photosynthetic and are important decomposers (especially wood)?
fungi
What is the average salinity of seawater?
35 ppt
What causes waves to break on the beach?
increasing friction with shallow botton
What is the most common way a new species is formed?
Which group has a silica wall and whose remains form a major source of the world's petroleum?
diatoms
What form of C is the basis of the buffering system for pH in the ocean?
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Why are upwelling zones important?
nutrients and light both at surface, very high productivity
Which domain are all humans a part of?
Eukarya
Which group has 2 flagella and some members can produce bioluminescence?
dinoflagellates
If the ocean absorbed a large amount of CO2 but did not have a buffering system, what effect would it have?
lower pH (more acidic)
What kind of tide is produced when the sun and the moon are at right angles (working against each other)?
Neap tides
Which 2 domains are comprised of prokaryotes?
Bacteria, Archaea
What is the loose mucilage that drifts down to the ocean bottom called?
marine snow