MCAS Biology Review

Macromolecules

100

Enzymes are what type of macromolecule?

Protein

200

What is one factor that can have an effect on enzymes?

pH, temperature

300

What are lipids made of?

fatty acids

400

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Determine inherited characteristics 

500

Carbohydrates are made of what?

What is their function?

Monosaccharides (C,H, O)

Provide energy

Cell Biology

100

This organelle is responsible for creating proteins 

Ribosomes

200

What is active transport?

Transport of materials across a membrane using energy (Usually transport from low concentration to high concentration...against the gradient!)

300

What are the steps of mitosis?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

400

What is the process of photosynthesis?

Sunlight + CO2 + H2O -----> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -----> C6H12O6 + 6O2

500

What is the process of cellular respiration?

glucose + oxygen ------> CO2 + H2O + ATP C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Cell Biology

100

What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?

UPS man! Packages and ships out proteins

200

What is osmosis?

Transport of water across a membrane

300

List 3 differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.

Plant Cell wall Chloroplast Chlorophyll Vacuole Square shaped

400

List a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Nucleus

500

What are the base pairings for DNA?

A-T

C-G

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine 

Genetics

100

Brown eyes are dominant (B) while blue eyes are recessive (b). What is the genotype for Jill who is heterozygous for brown eyes and James who is homozygous recessive for blue eyes?

Jill Bb James bb

200

Give an example of a phenotype

eye color

hair color

height

300

What is the structure of DNA called?

Double Helix

400

Jill is heterozygous for brown eyes and James is homozygous recessive for blue eyes. What percent of their children will have brown eyes?

50%

500

Marty is homozygous dominant for brown hair. Felicia is homozygous recessive for blond hair. What percent of their offspring will have blind hair? What are the genotypes of their children?

0% blond Bb

Random

100

What is the DNA term for an exact copy

Replication

200

What is a mutation?

Something that results in a change.

300

What is sugar in DNA?

What is the sugar in RNA?

Deoxyribose

Ribose

400

What are the 3 types of RNA?

Mrna (messenger)

Trna (Transcript)

Rrna (ribose)

500

What elements does CHNOPS stand for?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfate