Chemistry of Life
Cells
Genetics
Anatomy
Evolution
Ecology
100
What is the most important element?
Carbon!
100
What is the function of a chloroplast?
Photosynthesis!
100
Write the complementary DNA strand:
A T G C C T A
T A C G G A T
100
What is an example of mechanical digestion?
Teeth chewing
Stomach muscles
100
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is when some organisms are better able to survive and reproduce.
100
What is it called when water evaporates from a tree?
Transpiration
200
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
Fast energy!
200
What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes have no nucleus.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus.
200
Is AUGCGA DNA or RNA?
RNA because it has U!
200
What parts of the respiratory system and the circulatory systems are involved in gas exchange?
Respiratory system- alveoli
Circulatory system- capillaries
200
What is a species?
Two organisms in the same species can produce ______________ .
Two organisms in the same species can produce fertile offspring.
200
What process increases the amount of oxygen in the air?
Photosynthesis
300
What is the function of a lipid?
Store energy. Long term energy.
300
What part of the cell makes proteins?
Ribosomes!
300
What is the difference between transcription and translation?
Transcription occurs in the nucleus. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm at the ribosomes.
300
What is fertilization?
Fertilization is the joining of a sperm and an egg to make a zygote. In humans, sperm has 23 chromosomes, eggs have 23 chromosomes, and the zygote has (23+23) = 46 chromosomes.
300
What are four types of evidence for evolution?
1. Genetic Sequences *most important*
2. Fossils
3. Anatomy
4. Embryology
300
What do primary consumers eat?
Producers, plants
400
What are two examples of nucleic acids? What is the function?
DNA, RNA, store genetic information
400
3 important words about mitochondria are:
1. Energy
2. ATP
3. Cellular Respiration
400
Using A and a write the genotypes of:
1. homozygous dominant
2. heterozygous
3. homozygous recessive
1. AA
2. Aa
3. aa
400
1. What is an immediate reaction of the respiratory system to exercise?
2. What is an immediate reaction of the circulatory system to exercise?
3. These are examples of?
1. Breathing rate increases
2. Heart rate increases
3. Homeostasis
400
Are animals in the same phylum or the same family more closely related?
Family.
400
Birth increases a population size. Death decreases a population size. What are 2 other factors?
Immigration increases the population size.
Emigration decreases the population size.
500
What are proteins made of?
Amino acids!
500
What are three differences between plant and animal cells?
Plants have:
1. Large central vacuole
2. Cell Wall
3. Chloroplasts
500
In guinea pigs, the allele A is dominant for rough hair. a is recessive for smooth hair. Two heterozygous guinea pigs are crossed. Write the genotype and the phenotype ratio of the offspring.
Genotype ratio- 1 AA: 2 Aa: 1 aa
Phenotype ratio- 3 rough hair: 1 smooth hair
500
What structure transmits information from the brain to the motor neurons?
The spinal cord.
500
Fossils are evidence that two organisms have a ______ _______.
Common ancestor!
500
A bee eats nectar and pollinates flowers. What is this an example of?
Mutualism. They both benefit!