Chemistry
What is the identity of an atom that contains six protons and eight neutrons?
A) Nitrogen
B) Carbon
C) Oxygen
D) Silicon
B) Carbon
A man walks 30 m east and then 40 m north. What is the difference between his traveled distance and his displacement?
A) 0 m
B) 20 m
C) 50 m
D) 70 m
B) 20 m
Which of the following is NOT a difference that would allow one to distinguish a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?
A) Ribosomal subunit weight
B) Presence of a nucleus
C) Presence of a membrane on the outside surface of the cell
D) Presence of membrane-bound organelles
C) Presence of a membrane on the outside surface of the cell
Which of the following is NOT a method by which enzymes decrease the activation energy for biological reactions?
A) Modifying the local charge environment
B) Forming transient covalent bonds
C) Acting as electron donors or acceptors
D) Breaking bonds in the enzyme to provide energy
D) Breaking bonds in the enzyme to provide energy
Your neighbor asks you to check his mail while he is out of town, and you agree. Later that day, he asks you to water his plants as well. What technique for compliance is he using in this scenario?
A) Lowball technique
B) That’s-not-all technique
C) Foot-in-the-door technique
D) Door-in-the-face technique
C) Foot-in-the-door technique
Photons and other energy sources can exite electrons into higher energy levels, though these excitations are typically short-lived. X-ray imaging succeeds because different tissue types are differently able to absorb the energy of a photon in order to excite an electron. Suppose an electron falls from n = 4 to its ground state, n = 1. Which of the following effects is most likely?
A) A photon is absorbed.
B) A photon is emitted.
C) The electron moves into a p-orbital.
D) The electron moves into a d-orbital.
B) A photon is emitted.
An alpha particle is released from rest from the center between two parallel, oppositely charged plates with a 10 V voltage between them. What is its kinetic energy when it reaches the negatively charged plate? (Note: charge of a proton = 1.6 x 10^-19 C)
A) 1.60 x 10^-18 J
B) 3.20 x 10^-18 J
C) 9.11 x 10^-18 J
D) 3.20 x 10^-17 J
A) 1.60 x 10^-18 J
Which ion channels are responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential?
A) Ungated channels
B) Voltage-gated channels
C) Ligand-gated channels
D) No ion channels are involved in maintenance of the resting membrane potential.
A) Ungated channels
A double-stranded RNA genome isolated from a virus was found to contain 15% uracil. What percentage of guanine should exist in this virus's genome?
A) 15%
B) 35%
C) 70%
D) 85%
B) 35%
Which of the following trends regarding healthcare disparities has NOT been documented?
A) Females are more likely to be insured than males.
B) Primary care use is more likely among males than females.
C) Low-income individuals have more difficulty accessing care than high-income individuals.
D) LGBT individuals have more barriers to healthcare than heterosexuals.
B) Primary care use is more likely among males than females.
The body’s pH is tightly regulated because specific enzymes function best within a narrow pH range. What is the approximate pH of a 1.2 × 10–5 M aqueous solution of NaOH?
A) 4.92
B) 7.5
C) 9.08
D) 12.45
C) 9.08
By what magnitude does the force on an electron change when its distance from the source of an electric field quadruples?
A) 1/2
B) 1/8
C) 1/16
D) The force on an electron is unchanged
C) 1/16
What role does peptidyl transferase play in protein synthesis?
A) It transports the initiator aminoacyl-tRNA complex.
B) It helps the ribosome to advance three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
C) It holds the proteins in its tertiary structure.
D) It catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond.
D) It catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond.
What stage of protein synthesis does NOT require energy
A) Initiation
B) Elongation
C) Termination
D) All stages of protein synthesis require energy.
D) All stages of protein synthesis require energy.
Which of the following would be most likely to be stored in long-term memory?
A) A list of nonsense words
B) A list of the dates of birth of 15 randomly selected people
C) A list of the names of musicians in an individual’s favorite bands
D) A list of the dates of battles in the Peloponnesian War
C) A list of the names of musicians in an individual’s favorite bands
Why is the α-anomer of d-glucose less likely to form than the β-anomer?
A) The β-anomer is preferred for metabolism.
B) The β-anomer undergoes less electron repulsion.
C) The α-anomer is the more stable anomer.
D) The α-anomer forms more in L-glucose.
B) The β-anomer undergoes less electron repulsion.
An electron at rest accelerates at a rate of 3.2 x 10^5 m/s^2 in an applied electric field. What is the magnitude and direction of this electric field?
A) 1.82 x 10^-6 N/C, antiparallel to the acceleration
b) 1.82 x 10^-6 N/C, parallel to the acceleration
C) 2.73 x 10^-7 N/C, antiparallel to the acceleration
D) 2.73 x 10^-7 N/C, parallel to the acceleration
A) 1.82 x 10^-6 N/C, antiparallel to the acceleration
Which of the following characteristics is NOT attributed to antibodies?
A) Antibodies bind to more than one distinct antigen.
B) Antibodies label antigens for targeting by other immune cells.
C) Antibodies can cause agglutination by interaction with antigen.
D) Antibodies have two heavy chains and two light chains.
A) Antibodies bind to more than one distinct antigen.
Which of the following correctly indicates the response of CD8+ T-cells when activated?
A) Secretion of cytotoxic chemicals
B) Causing isotype switching
C) Presentation of antigens
D) Activation of B-cells
A) Secretion of cytotoxic chemicals
Glen brings cookies to work. Although you have not yet tasted them, you say to another coworker, “Glen is such a great guy; I’m sure these cookies are fantastic!” What type of bias is this?
A) Reliance on central traits
B) Direct benefits
C) Halo effect
D) Similarity
C) Halo effect
The formation of α-d-glucopyranose from β-d-glucopyranose is called:
A) glycosidation
B) mutarotation
C) enantiomerization
D) racemization
B) mutarotation
What charge should be fixed in the center of two electrons separated by 8 angstroms such that they remain stationary?
A) 2.5 x 10^-19 C
B) 4.0 x 10^-20 C
C) 8.0 x 10^-19 C
D) 8.0 x 10^-20 C
B) 4.0 x 10^-20 C
Some people with anxiety disorders respond to stress by hyperventilating. It is recommended that these people breathe into a paper bag and then re-breathe this air. Why is this treatment appropriate?
A) Hyperventilation causes an increase in blood carbon dioxide, and breathing the air in the bag helps to readjust blood levels of carbon dioxide.
B) Hyperventilation causes a decrease in blood carbon dioxide, and breathing the air in the bag helps to readjust blood levels of carbon dioxide.
C) Hyperventilation causes an increase in blood oxygen, and breathing the air in the bag helps to readjust blood levels of oxygen.
D) Hyperventilation causes a decrease in blood oxygen, and breathing the air in the bag helps to readjust blood levels of oxygen.
B) Hyperventilation causes a decrease in blood carbon dioxide, and breathing the air in the bag helps to readjust blood levels of carbon dioxide.
In high doses, aspirin functions as a mitochondrial uncoupler. How would this affect glycogen stores?
A) It causes depletion of glycogen stores.
B) It has no effect on glycogen stores.
C) It promotes additional storage of glucose as glycogen.
D) Its effect on glycogen stores varies from cell to cell.
A) It causes depletion of glycogen stores.
A 28-year-old male comes to a clinic concerned that he has pancreatic cancer. Review of his medical records shows that this is the fourth time in the past year that the patient has appeared for medical attention. No identifiable medical problem is found. When confronted with this history, he confesses that he feels relieved after being told that all of the tests are negative, but soon becomes worried again that he has cancer. Based on the information, the most likely diagnosis for this patient would be:
A) major depressive disorder.
B) illness anxiety disorder.
C) conversion disorder.
D) narcissistic personality disorder.
B) illness anxiety disorder.