Biology
the site of aerobic respiration that provides the cell with a majority of its energy in the form of ATP
mitochondria
a rule stating that atoms tend to react in order to form a complete set of valence electrons
octet rule
describes two solvents that will not mix or dissolve each other
immiscible
the primary energy molecule of the body; energy is released by breaking the molecule's bond with the terminal phosphate
ATP
a quantity that has magnitude but no direction
scalar
a cognitive bias in which one focuses on inforation that supports a given solution, belief, or hypothesis and ignores evidence against it
confirmation bias
cell or nuclear division in somatic cells that results in the daugher nucleus receving a full complement of the organism's genome
mitosis
a solution containing water as its solvent
aqueous solution
in an IR spectrum, this is the region of 1400 to 400 cm-1 where more complex vibration patterns can be seen; it is characteristic of each individual molecule
fingerprint region
the major steps in the transfer of genetic informatoin, from transcription of DNA to RNA, and the translation of RNA to a protein
central dogma of molecular biology
a ubiquitous attractive force existing between any two objects, with magnitidue directly proportional to the product of the two masses observed and inversely proportial to the square of their distance from each other
gravity
a sleep disorder characterized by a lack of voluntary control over the onset of sleep
narcolepsy
produced and secreted by the β-cells of the pancreas, blank decreases blood glucose concentrations by facilitating the uptake of glucose by muscle and adipose cells, and the conversion of glucose to glycogen in muscle and liver cells
insulin
a systematic pairing of a protonated species with its deprotonated form, or a deprotonated species with its protonated form. they appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation
conjugate acids and bases
a separation technique that uses the rention time of a compound in the mobile phase as it travels through the stationary phase to separate compounds with different chemical properties
chromatography
a molecule containing four linked rings; blank provides both fluidity and stability to cell membranes and is the precursor for steroid hormones
cholesterol
the measure of internal friction in a fluid
viscosity
the simultaneous presence of two opposing thoughts or opinions
cognitive dissonance
the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron where neurotransmitters are released
synapse
states that when a system in equilibrium is placed under one of several stressors, it will react in order to regain equilibrium
le châtelier's principle
a compound that has a -COOH terminal group
carboxylic acid
the production of multiple different but related RNA molecules from a single primary transcript of pre-mRNA
alternative splicing
states that two objects that are in thermal equilibirum with a third object are also in thermal equilibrium with each other
zeroth law of thermodynamics
sleep disorder in which one carries out actions in their sleep; also called sleepwalking
somnambulism
method of asexual reporduction by which prokaryotes divide. the circular dna molecule replicates and then moves to the edge of the cell, which then divides into two daughter cells of equal size
binary fission
the properties of solutions - such as vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure - that is only affected by the number of solute particles dissolved and not by their chemical identities
colligative properties
stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. blank differ in their configurations at at least one chiral center and share the same configuration at at least one chiral center. blank differ in physical and chemical properties
diastereomers
a metabolic pathway that produces GTP, energy carriers, and carbon dioxide as it burns acetyl-CoA
citric acid cycle
the smoothest type of liquid flow through a tube wherein thin layers of liquid slide over one another
laminar flow
a portion of the cerebrum that is associated with emotion and memory; includes the amygdala and hippocampus
limbic system