Properties of Dental Materials
What are the thermal changes that can affect dental materials?
What is contraction and expansion.
2. Composite Resin
3. Glass Ionomers
4. Temporary Restorative Material
5. Provisional Coverage
6. Tooth Whitening Materials
Describe the application properties of dental materials.
Flow - Material is pliable enough to flow.
Adhesion - The tooth structure and dental material adhere to each other.
Retention - Ability to hold two things firmly together when they will not adhere naturally.
Curing - harden of a dental material by either auto-cured, light-cured or dual-cured.
What are the different types of composites?
Macrofilled - contains large filler particles, providing the greatest strength. (posterior teeth)
Microfilled - contains smaller filler particles, produces highly polished finished restorations. (anterior teeth)
Hybrid - contains a mix range of particle sizes. Has strength and ability to produce highly polished finished restorations.
Flowable - hybrid or nanofilled. Flows easily into conservative preparations.
Sealant - resemble flowable composites. Used to fill the pits and fissures.
What factors affect how dental materials are manufactured?
1. Mechanical Properties
2. Ductility and Malleability
3. Thermal Change
4. Electrical Properties
5. Corrosive Properties
6. Hardness
7. Solubility
What are the properties of glass ionomers?
They have the ability to adhere to moist tooth structures, release fluoride, exhibit thermal compatibility with tooth enamel, and be biocompatible.
Explain the concept of flow concerning dental materials.
Dental materials are made to have the ability to flow in order to fill the preparation of the tooth.
What is the role of a coupling agent in composite resins?
It strengthens the resin by chemically bonding the filler to the resin matrix.
Describe the mechanical properties required of dental materials.
Stress is the internal resistance or force that can cause distortion. Strain is the change or deformation of a material as the result of stress.
What are the contraindications for using dental amalgam?
• When esthetics is particularly important, such as in the anterior teeth or in facial surfaces that can be viewed
• With patients who have a history of allergy to mercury or other amalgam components
• When a large restoration is needed, and the cost of other restorative materials is not a significant factor in the treatment decision
Define microleakage and its implication in dental restoration.
A microscopic space between the tooth and the restorative material where a passage of bacteria and oral fluids can pass.
The restoration could fall out or a cavity can form under the restoration.
What is the significance of filler particle sizes in composite resins?
The particle size determines the strength and wear-resistant characteristics of the material.
What are the criteria for a new dental material?
• It must not be poisonous or harmful to the body.
• It must not be harmful or irritating to the tissues of the oral cavity.
• It must help protect the tooth and tissues of the oral cavity.
• It must resemble the natural dentition as closely as possible so as to be esthetically pleasing.
• It must be easily formed and placed in the mouth to restore the mouth’s natural contour.
• It must conform and function despite limited access, wet conditions, and poor visibility.
What are the advantages of using composite resins?
enhanced aesthetics
versatility
minimally invasive procedures.
What is the role of curing in dental materials?
Is the setting process of a dental material initiated by a chemical reaction or by a light in a blue wave spectrum. The dental material is harden.
How does the compositions of dental amalgam differ from that of glass ionomers?
Dental amalgam is primarily composed of mercury and an alloy of silver, tin, and copper, whereas glass ionomers are made of a glass and acrylic material mix. Amalgam is known for its durability and strength, while glass ionomers are favored for their fluoride release and ability to bond to tooth structure, making them suitable for areas with less stress.
What is the definition of solubility in dental materials?
Solubility is the degree to which a substance will dissolve in a given amount of another substance.
What is amalgam and its primary use?
A silver tooth filling material made from and alloy, with one of the elements being mercury.
Use to restore decayed teeth predominantly to restore premolars and molars.
What is the purpose of adhesion in dental materials?
Is to stick or glue the dental material to the tooth structure creating a good bond to prevent microleakage and the filling fro coming out.
What are the components of composite resin?
Composite resins are composed of three main components: a resin matrix, inorganic fillers, and a coupling agent. The resin matrix forms the organic part, the fillers are the inorganic part, and the coupling agent helps bond the two together.