Definitions
The range and distribution of a type of test score
What is scale?
This score tells us how many SDs from the mean a score falls
What is a Z score?
If test users want to evaluate the norm sample of a test, they should look here
What is the test manual?
Norm referenced scores are most often based on this demographic characteristic
What is age?
This standard score falls at the 2nd percentile rank on the normal curve
What is 70?
Comparison of an examinee's score to other's performance
What is a norm-referenced score?
Often, IQ batteries have subtest scaled scores with a mean of this
What is 10?
On an IQ test, apx. this percentage of people will score between 85 and 115
What is 68%?
What type of tests often have multiple norm groups to choose from when scoring?
What are emotional-behavioral rating scales?
This should not be seen as unusual among a set of test scores in a large test battery
What is 1 low score?
Comparison of an examinee to an absolute standard
What is criterion-referenced score?
These norm-referenced scores are commonly used on behavior rating scales for children
What are T scores?
Because average levels of a trait sometimes change in a population over time, this element of a norm sample is important
What is recency?
In general, these norms are preferred over gender-specific norms when available
What are combined norms?
Because it is uncommon to have multiple low subtest scores on a norm-referenced test, a total (composite) score is likely to be this compared to the subtest scores it is based on
What is lower or more extreme?
The distribution of a test's scores among a group of test-takers
What is a norm (or standardization) sample?
These test scores can be popular in education settings, but are so misleading, the Lovett doesn't endorse interpreting them
What are age/grade equivalent scores?
This element of norm group development aligns participants with the demographics of the population
What is representativeness?
This type of norming is a controversial practice in neuropsychology and generally not advised
What is race norming?
This number of SDs is typically a cutoff for clinical significance on scales of psychopathology
What is 1.5 or 2 SDs above the mean?
What proportion of the population the examinee scored above
What is a percentile rank?
This norm-referenced score is the only one that has unequal units along the scale (not an interval scale)
What is the percentile rank score?
In terms of norm sample size, more important than the overall group size is the size of this
What are norm group (or age group) blocks?
Many achievement tests offer these types of norms in addition to the traditional age norms
What are grade norms?
Because it is common to see an individual extreme score on a test battery, test users should use what to verify that performance?
What are other diagnostic tests of similar areas of functioning?
OR
What is converging non-test evidence?