Continuous Measurement
During a session, a client engages in hitting the therapist 5 times.
What is frequency?
The types of discontinuous measurement.
What are Partial interval, whole interval, momentary time sampling
After a session, you count how many puzzles your client completed.
What is Permanent Product Recording?
This is the act of recording behavior data into a system or on a data sheet.
What is data entry?
This is the visual representation of behavior data over time, often used in ABA to track progress.
What is a trend?
This continuous measurement method records how long a tantrum lasts each time it occurs and can show whether treatment is reducing the length of the behavior over time.
What is duration?
A therapist records “yes” if a behavior occurred at any point during each 10-second interval.
What is Partial Interval Recording?
This is an example of something that could be measured using permanent product recording.
What is a completed worksheet?
written assignment
artwork
number of items cleaned
Before entering data, this step ensures that the information you record is accurate and complete.
What is reviewing your notes or verifying observations?
This axis on a graph typically shows the behavior you are measuring, such as frequency or duration.
What is the y-axis or vertical axis?
A learner is given an SD (“touch head”). The response occurs 3 seconds later.
What is Latency?
In this measurement system, "sitting in chair" is marked "no" when the client gets up briefly during the interval, and it tends to underestimate behaviors that occur frequently but not for the entire interval.
What is whole interval recording and what are behaviors that occur often but not for the full duration?
If a client's worksheets are filled out but many answers are incorrect, this limitation of permanent product data is revealed.
What is that the product shows completion but not accuracy.
Entering data immediately after a session helps reduce this common error in aba data collection.
What is recall bias or forgetting?
This axis on a graph usually represents the passage of time, such as days, sessions, or weeks.
What is the x-axis or horizontal axis?
A child is asked to complete math problems. You record how long it takes them to start after each prompt and how long they spend working before stopping.
What are Latency and duration?
You set a timer to beep every 30 seconds and record whether your client is playing appropriately at that exact moment.
What is Momentary Time Sampling?
If another staff member helps clean up the toys while you are recording the number of toys your client cleans, this issue arises with the permanent product data.
What is the product no longer reflects only the client’s behavior making the data invalid for that session?
Using this type of sheet or system ensures that the data from multiple staff members can be combined consistently.
What is a standardize data sheet or electronic data collection system.
This type of graph connects individual data points with a line to show trends over time.
What is a line graph?
When two therapists collect data on the same behavior using frequency and duration, these are the unique insights each measurement provides.
What is that Frequency shows how often the behavior occurs, while duration shows how long it lasts?
When two RBTs taking partial-interval data on screaming record different behaviors. One only marks loud, long screams, the other marks short vocalizations. This step should be taken to ensure consistent data.
what is to review and clarify the operational definition of "screaming"?
If you check a wet toothbrush with missing toothpaste after a session but didn't observe the client brushing, this issue arises with the data, and this should be done next time.
What is that the product doesn't prove the client brushed independently, and next time you should directly observe the behavior?
This step involves checking for errors like missing sessions, incorrect totals, or mismatched targets after data entry.
What is data verification or data review?
When behavior fluctuates naturally across sessions, this describes how much the behavior changes from session to session.
What is variability?
This type of measurement would be most appropriate for behaviors with a clear beginning and end, such as task completion or aggression.
What is continuous measurement
A therapist divides a 20 minute session into 1 minute intervals and records whether screaming occurred at any time during each interval.
What is partial interval recording (IRT)
This is a major limitation of permanent product recording related to the accuracy of behavior measurement.
What is that the product does not always directly reflect the behavior?
When two technicians enter data on the same behavior and get different results, this process can identify the source of discrepancies.
What is interobserver agreement (IOA) review?
When a graph shows a general upward or downward direction in behavior over time.
What is a trend?
This continuous measurement system combines frequency data with time to allow comparison across sessions of different lengths.
What is rate?
This measurement system requires the behavior to occur for the entire interval to be scored as occurring.
What is whole-interval recording?
This is why permanent product recording alone may be misleading when measuring behaviors like aggression or elopement.
What is that these behaviors do not consistently produce a measurable permanent product?
This practice ensures that electronic or paper data are backed up and protected to prevent accidental loss.
What is data backup or secure storage?
A trend line drawn through data points can help determine whether treatment is producing meaningful change. This type of trend line is often used in ABA.
What is a trendline?
A client engages in tantrums that vary from 20 seconds to 15 minutes. The therapist wants to determine whether treatment is reducing the length of each tantrum, not just how often it occurs. This continuous measurement system should be used because it captures the exact duration of each episode and allows for meaningful comparison across sessions.
What is duration?
A behavior technician uses partial interval recording to track aggression during 30 seconds intervals. Because the behavior often occurs for only a few seconds in each interval, this measurement system may give inflated data, making it difficult to accurately assess treatment effects.
What is partial interval recording?
This is a critical assumption made when using permanent product recording to measure behavior.
What is that the permanent product was produced by the target behavior and not by another person or event?
A therapist notices that data entered shows a sudden, unexplained increase in a client's skill acquisition. Before changing treatment, this step should be taken to ensure decisions are based on accurate information.
What is to review the raw data for accuracy and check for entry errors?
A graph shows behavior frequency decreasing over several weeks, but two sessions were shorter than usual. To interpret the trend accurately, this adjustment should be considered.
What is to account for differences in session length or convert data to a rate or standardize measure?