What are the Odds?
The letter used to notate the probability of an event.
What is p?
The relative risk measure calculates a ratio of this in exposed vs. unexposed groups.
What is incidence?
This absolute risk measure is the difference in incidence in those exposed vs. unexposed.
What is risk difference / attributable risk?
Numeric value for no association between exposure and outcome.
What is 1?
ORs are used in this type of retrospective study.
What is a case-control study?
RRs can be used in this type of experimental study.
What is an RCT?
The attributable risk, where the incidence of MI is 5/1000 PY in smokers and 1/1000 PY in non-smokers.
Numeric representation for a negative association.
What is <1?
Using probability (chance) phrasing, this is the denominator in calculating an odds ratio.
What is the chance of something not happening?
Or
What is odds of exposure of no disease group?
This is the denominator when calculating RR.
What is the incidence in unexposed?
Indicates the ______ of risk in a group of persons exposed to an important factor.
What is magnitude?
Numeric representation for a positive association.
What is >1?
This is the formula in calculating OR.
What is A*D / B*C?
OR
What is (A/B) / (C/D)?
This is the formula for calculating RR.
What is (a/(a+b)) / (c/(c+d))?
The absolute measure characterizes the ______ in outcome frequency in exposed vs. unexposed groups.
What is difference?
Stronger associations are _______ from/to 1.
What is farther?
This is the OR where A=70, B=100, C=50, and D=140.
What is 1.96?
This is the RR where A=84, B=2916, C=87, and D=4913.
What is 1.61?
Demonstrates how many cases could be reduced if we intervened on this group.
What is exposed/exposure group?
Weaker associations are _______ from/to 1.
What is closer?