Ch.1
The three main classes of solid materials are...
what are metals, ceramics, polymers
This type of bond, formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal
What is ionic bonding?
This is the smallest repeating group of atoms that, when stacked in 3D, builds the entire crystal lattice.
What is a unit cell?
This is the fraction of a unit cell’s volume that is actually occupied by atoms
What is the atomic packing factor (APF)?
The materials science links structure, properties, processing, and this fourth element.
What is performance?
This type of bond, is described as a ‘sea’ of delocalized valence electrons surrounding positive ion cores.
What is metallic bonding?
In an SC unit cell, atoms touch each other along this line, the close-packed direction
When calculating linear or planar density, an atom is counted only if this part of it lies on the direction or plane.
What is its center?
Conversion between nm to m or nm to cm
what is 10^-7 (cm) or 10^-9 (m)
Bond strength is the same in all directions in these two primary bond types, making them nondirectional
What are ionic and metallic bonds?
In an FCC unit cell, atoms touch each other along this line, the close-packed direction
What is the face diagonal?
Conversion between nm^3 to m^3 or nm^3 to cm^3
what is 10^(-7*3) (cm^3) or 10^(-9*3) (m^3)
In the Coulombic attractive force equation between two ions, the force is inversely proportional to this quantity
What is the square of the separation distance (r²)?
When a plane is parallel to a crystallographic axis, it has this value for its intercept on that axis, giving a Miller index of zero
What is infinity?
To decide whether a metal is SC, BCC, or FCC from its theoretical density, atomic weight, and lattice parameter, you solve for this unknown in ρ = nA/(V꜀N_A).
What is the number of atoms per unit cell (n)?