What's a Parasite?
how does a parasite survive
by invading other organisms to gain nutrients
ways to classify viruses
by shape, nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), or method of reproduction
name 2 mechanisms of disease transmission
person-to-person contact
environmental contact
opportunistic invasion
transmission by vector
difference between acute and chronic illness
acute - disease appears suddenly for a short time
chronic - develops slowly and lasts for a long time
2 main classifications for tumors
benign or malignant
3 types of parasitic arthropods
mites, ticks, lice, fleas, wasps, bees, mosquitoes, spiders
name 3 types of pathogens
viruses, prions, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, animals
name 3 types of aseptic methods
sterilization (most effective)
disinfection (washing hands)
antisepsis
isolation
disease with an unknown cause
idiopathic disease
name 3 causes of cancer
abnormal cell division
genetic factors
carcinogens
age
environment
viruses
common name for nematodes
roundworms (lower GI tract issues)
name 2 ways that bacteria grow
aerobic (need oxygen)
anaerobic (grow without oxygen)
difference in diagnosis and prognosis
diagnosis - conclusion as to the nature of an illness
prognosis - prediction of probable outcome of a disease
difference between endemic and pandemic
endemic - contained to a local region
pandemic - widespread (perhaps global) epidemic
redness, heat, swelling, pain
common name for platyhelminthes
flatworms or flukes (intestinal infections)
shapes of bacteria
bacilli, cocci, spiral, small bacteria (obligate parasites)
how does a vaccination work
stimulates immunity by introducing a dead or weakened pathogen into the body so that antibodies will produced against that pathogen
difference between signs and symptoms
signs - objective; can be seen by a HCP (change in BP, temp, pulse, respiratory rate)
symptoms - subjective; felt by the patient (nausea, dizziness, pain)
3 ways to treat cancer
surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, laser therapy, immunotherapy
methods of movement for protozoans
amoebas use pseudopodia
flagellates use flagella
ciliates use cilia
types of parasitic animals
nematodes, platyhelminthes, arthropods
causes of antibiotic resistance
not finishing entire course of tx
taking antibiotic when there isn't a bacterial infection
putting antibiotics in livestock
what does an epidemiologist study
occurrence, distribution, and transmission of diseases in human populations
why do you get a fever when there is infection in your body
the increase in temperature will often kill or inhibit the pathogenic microbes