Microevolution
What is the definition of genetic drift?
The change in frequency of an existing gene.
How many cells are produced in mitosis?
Two identical daughter cells
What are punnett squares used for?
To visually predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring resulting from a genetic cross between two parents
What is a GMO?
A genetically modified organism.
the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of past life, typically older than 10,000 years, offering insights into the history of life on Earth
What is the definition of natural selection?
The process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change
How many cells are produced in meiosis?
Four daughter cells
What is a dominant trait?
Traits that are typically passed vertically from parent to child
What does cloning do?
Creates a copy of an organism that has the same DNA as the original.
What are the 2 main types of fossils?
Body fossils and trace fossils
What is the definition of migration?
The large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment
What type of cells does mitosis occur in?
Somatic cells
What is a recessive trait?
A trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous
Why do we do selective breeding?
To improve food, to create new varieties, to create new hybrids, etc.
What do we use fossils for?
to provide invaluable insights into Earth's history, revealing how life, landscapes, and climate have changed over time, and they help us understand evolution and the relationships between different species.
What is the definition of mutation?
A change in a DNA sequence
What type of cells does meiosis occur in?
Germ cells
What does Homozygous mean?
A genetic characteristic where an organism inherits two identical copies of the same allele for a specific gene from both parents.
What is gene therapy?
A medical approach that aims to treat or prevent diseases by modifying a person's genes (modifies genes)
What is the law of superposition?
in undisturbed sequences of sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top
What is the definition of evolve?
The process by which populations of organisms change over time
What is the difference between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose
What does heterozygous mean?
A genetic characteristic where an organism inherits two different versions (alleles) of a gene
What is a disadvantage of artificial selection?
There is a reduction of genetic diversity within a population
How do you determine the absolute age of rocks and fossils?
radiometric dating