Diabetes/cardiovascular
A teaching plan for a patient with diabetes is focused on smoking cessation and the control of hypertension for the avoidance of microvascular complications. What are examples of microvascular complications? (Select all that apply.)
Macular degeneration
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Which heart sound should the nurse record as normal?
Ventricular gallop in a 20-year-old patient
A 68-year-old patient is scheduled for open heart surgery in the morning and is crying. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
“Tell me what concerns you the most.”
What action should a nurse expect to implement when a patient returns from a cardiac catheterization?
Check the puncture site
A dopamine infusion is being administered to a patient with shock. For what should the nurse be alert?
Sharp spike in blood pressure
How is the Whipple triad described? (Select all that apply.)
Symptoms of hypoglycemia are present
Low blood glucose levels are documented when symptoms are present
Symptoms improved when the blood glucose level rises
A patient asks what a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is and what it is expected to do? What is the best explanation by the nurse?
Evaluates the efficiency of the valves
A nurse explains that cardiac rehabilitation lasts from the end of acute care to the return to home and beyond. What does this service include?
Telemetry-monitored exercise
A nurse assesses an inverted T wave on the ECG of a patient who had an acute MI two days earlier. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
Abnormal waveform
A patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed amiodarone for the dysrhythmia. Which potential adverse reaction should the nurse report?
Ataxia
A nurse reminds a patient with type I diabetes to rotate the insulin injection sites to prevent ______.
lipohypertrophy
A nurse records the finding of a normal sinus rhythm (NSR) when the P, Q, R, S, and T are all present in the electrocardiographic complex. What additional information should the nurse document?
Rate of 82 seconds
On auscultation, a nurse detects a heart murmur. What should the nurse know that a heart murmur indicates?
Valves that do not close correctly
Laboratory tests are performed to identify damage to the heart muscle. Which test is elevated the earliest with heart damage?
Troponin
A medication, simvastatin (Zocor), is administered to lower a patient’s cholesterol level. Follow-up lipid levels are reviewed by the nurse. Which level indicates the desired therapeutic range?
HDL, 42 mg/dL; LDL, 98 mg/dL
A nurse performs an apical-radial pulse evaluation, with the result of 100/88. What is the pulse deficit?
12
A nurse should anticipate that a patient taking Vasotec, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, should have which positive outcome to this drug?
Decreased blood pressure
A physician has ordered continuous pulse oximetry. What should the nurse explain to the patient about this procedure?
Measures the amount of oxygen in the blood
A patient is scheduled for a heart catheterization. What action should the nurse implement in preparation for this examination?
Ask the patient about allergies to seafood or iodine.
A diuretic medication, furosemide (Lasix), is being administered for congestive heart failure. Which assessment is not an anticipated consequence of the therapy?
Muscle weakness
What is increased in hypertension that in turn causes an increase in the work of the heart?
Afterload
A 29-year-old patient is to receive cardioversion for a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse instruct the patient to expect?
Administration of a short-acting sedative
A stress test is scheduled for a 41-year-old patient. What action should the nurse implement to prepare the patient for the examination?
Have the patient sign a consent form
A patient has had atropine sulfate that has been administered intravenously to treat a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse assess this patient for after administration?
Tachycardia
A patient is receiving digoxin 0.25 mg/day. What should the nurse do prior to administering this medication?
Hold the dose if the apical rate is 57 beats/min.