Fluid/Electrolytes
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Pulmonary Embolisms and Arterial Ischemia
CHF
Other Random Facts
100
An increased weight of more than ____ in 24 hours needs to be reported
What is 2 lbs
100
Arteries vs. Veins- what are the problems associated with PAD vs. PVD?
What is: PAD- problems with arteries going away from the heart PVD- problems with arteries going back to the heart
100
Neuro signs of a pulmonary embolism
restlessness, apprehensive, confusion, lethargy
100
Left sided vs. Right sided heart failure
Left sided causes respiratory issues; right sided causes peripheral edema
100
What are major symptoms of angioedema?
What is swelling of throat and tonge
200
Sodium levels, Potassium levels, and Calcium levels (WNL)
What is: Na 135-145 K 3.5-5 Ca 9-10.5
200
The test that can tell if there is a clot in the body?
What is the D-Dimer Test
200
Physical symptoms of a PE
pale, petechiae over chest, cough, pleuritic chest pain
200
Where can you hear CHF? (What heart sounds)
What is S3 heart sounds with the bell
200
Hyper or Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
Hypokalemia
300
Hypokalemia can cause what ABG abormality?
What is metabolic alkalosis
300
Arterial Ulcers vs. Venous Ulcers appearance and pain
Arterial: regular borders; pale, gray, yellow; little drainage; burning, throbbing pain Venous: irregular shape; beefy red/granulation color; exudate wound drainage; walking or dependent pain (diabetic ulcers)
300
Interventions for PE
Call HCP High fowler's Oxygen therapy Suction airway Encourage deep breathing/coughing
300
Teaching for patients with CHF?
Low fat and low sodium diet Avoid constrictive clothing Feet up at rest
300
True or False: 1. Compression stockings with DVT's are ok. 2. Compression stockings with venous insufficiency is ok.
1. True 2. False
400
The four interventions for hypercalcemia.
What is fluids PO, fluids IV, fiber, and furosemide.
400
Positioning for PAD vs. PVD
PAD- legs declined (to increase blood flow) PVD- legs elevatead
400
the 6 "P's" of Arterial Ischemia
Pain, pallor, pulselessness, poikilothermia, paresthesias, paralysis
400
Symptoms of cardiogenic shock?
Early: restless, anxious, increased HR and RR Late: hypotension, systolic BP <90, cool and clammy skin
400
What would you give to a patient with hyperkalemia? (medicine wise)
Kayexalate OR Regular insulin & dextrose
500
Neurological assessments of hyponatremia and hypernatremia?
What is: Hypo- confusion, lethargy Hyper- restlessness --> confusion
500
Signs/symptoms and interventions for a DVT
S/sx: pain in calves, groin; sudden onset of tenderness and swelling; monitor for SOB, chest pain Interventions: bed rest; legs elevated; do NOT massage; anticoagulant therapy; compare calves and pulses
500
Intervention for Arterial Ischemia
Notify HCP Stat Prepare for removal of clot via thrombolysis (tPA)
500
Interventions for Cardiogenic Shock
CAN BE PREVENTED Oxygen- may need intubation Give morphine, diuretics per order May require balloon pump or bypass surgery
500
3 main medicines given for HTN Crisis
Nipride Cardene Normodyne
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