Respiratory
This respiratory tract disorder can be divided into four types; CAP, HAP, HCAP, and VAP.
What is pneumonia? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 531)
This is the most abundant electrolyte in the ECF and plays a major role in controlling water distribution throughout the body. A loss or gain of this electrolyte is usually accompanied by a loss or gain of water.
What is Sodium? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 239)
Pain is often described from the perspective of duration as being _______ or ________.
What is acute or chronic? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 198)
This condition is the inflammation of the gastric or stomach mucosa.
What is gastritis? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1267)
The endocrine system involves the release of chemical transmitters substances known as___________. These substances regulate and integrate body functions by acting on local or distant target sites. These substances are most commonly produced by endocrine glands.
What are hormones? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1446)
This cancer is the leading killer among men and women in the U.S., with about 1 in 4 cancer deaths.
What is lung cancer? (Brunner & Suddarth pg.577)
Taking thiazides and/or loop diuretics can lead to this condition.
What is hypokalemia? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 243)
This type of pain arises from bone, skin, joint, muscle, or connective tissue. It is typically described as aching or throbbing in quality.
What is somatic pain? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 199)
____________ is a gram positive anaerobic organism and the most commonly identified bacterium in antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
What is C. difficile? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1290)
This condition is a rare disorder that occurs due to injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland with a deficiency of ADH (vasopressin) that results in the excretion of large volumes of dilute urine and extreme thirst.
What is diabetes insipidus? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1451)
This disorder refers to the closure or collapse of alveoli and is one of the most commonly encountered abnormalities on a CXR.
What is Atelectasis? (Brunner & Suddarth pg.527)
Hypocalcemia can cause what condition as low levels of calcium cause irritability of the CNS and PNS?
What are seizures? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 249)
Examples of this type of pain include; Organ involved cancer pain, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, Chron's disease and pancreatitis.
What is visceral pain? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 199)
This condition is defined as recurring abdominal pain occurring once daily in the past 3 months and is associated with 2 or more of the following symptoms:
-Abdominal pain in relation to defecation;
-Abdominal pain associated with a change in frequency of stool;
-Abdominal pain associated with a change in form/appearance in stool.
What is irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1293)
The most common cause of this syndrome is the use of corticosteroid medications but can also be caused by excessive glucocorticoid production.
What is Cushing's sydrome? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1479)
This disorder is a non-specific pulmonary response to a variety of pulmonary and non-pulmonary insults to the lungs; characterized by interstitial infiltrates, alveolar hemorrhage, atelectasis, and hypoxemia.
What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 526)
Symptoms of this condition include; Flushing, hypotension, muscle weakness, hypoactive reflexes, and EKG changes.
What is hypermagnesemia? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 252)
_________ refers to the process by which noxious stimuli (like surgical incisions or burns) activate primary afferent neurons called nociceptors, throughout the body.
What is transduction? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 199)
What are; pneumothorax, air embolism, clotted catheter line, catheter displacement/contamination, sepsis, hyperglycemia, fluid overload, and/or rebound hypoglycemia? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1317)
Relatively normal blood glucose until early morning hours when levels begin to rise is known as _________.
Dawn Phenomenon (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1503)
Name 2 of the 5 most commonly used anti-tuberculosis medications for active disease.
What are; Isoniazid, Rifampin, Rifabutin, Rifapentine, Pyrazinamide, and/or Ethambutol?. (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 549)
Hypophosphatemia is indicated by a value below____ mg/dL.
What is 2.7? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 254)
Pain is also classified by its inferred pathology as being either ____________ pain or _____________ pain.
*Hint: Sickle cell disease pain is usually a combination of both types of pain.
What is nociceptive (physiologic) pain or neuropathic (pathophysiologic) pain? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 198)
Condition where one part of the intestine slips into another part located below it.
What is intussusception? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1303)
___________ is a metabolic disorder resulting from a relative insulin deficiency initiated by an illness that raises the demand for insulin. Ketosis is typically minimal or absent.
What is hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome? (Brunner & Suddarth pg. 1516)