Hypovolemic Shock
What is the primary cause of hypovolemic shock?
Severe blood or fluid loss.
What are the main organisms that cause septic shock?
Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria
What are two ways to prevent hypertension?
(1) Maintain a Healthy Weight
(2) Be physically active
(3) Follow a Healthy Eating plan
(4) Drink alcohol moderately
(5) Quit Smoking
What is a symptom of PVD?
Intermittent claudication - the thigh or calf muscles may feel pain when walking or climbing stairs
Leg weakness
The skin on the legs becomes shiny or turns pale or bluish
How do we treat hypovolemic shock?
Normal saline (0.9%) is default. Can also use lactated ringers and plasma expanders such as albumin or synthetic.
What are ways to prevent septic shock?
Get regular vaccinations against viral infections, such as flu, pneumonia, chickenpox, HIV
Practice good hygiene, such as bathing and changing clothes regularly
Care for and clean any open or gaping wounds
What are the diagnostic criteria for hypertension?
Systolic <140mmHg
Diastolic < 90mmHg
or taking antihypertensive drugs
What is the cause of ischemic pain in intermittent claudication??
Build-up of lactic acid
What is an example of a compensatory Sympathetic Nervous System response to hypovolemic shock?
Increased heart rate
OR
Increased respiratory rate and depth
What happens to Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance in a septic shock patient?
High CO and low SVR
What is an example of a target organ disease occurring in the heart?
Coronary Artery Disease
OR
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
OR
Heart failure
In a diabetes patient with PAD, what percentage does glycosylated hemoglobin have to be?
Below 7%, must be close to 6%