Heart & Soul
This valve has two leaflets and is also known as the bicuspid valve.
What is the mitral valve?
This ECG finding is the hallmark sign of hyperkalemia.
What are tented T waves?
This class of heart failure medications causes a characteristic dry cough and reduces afterload through vasodilation.
What are ACE inhibitors?
A MAP below this value should prompt a call to the physician.
What is 60-65?
This formula calculates how many liters of blood your heart pumps per minute: ? = HR x SV
What is cardiac output?
A patient must be in A-fib for less than this many hours - or anticoagulated for 30 days - before synchronized cardioversion.
What is 48 hours?
Before giving this medication for critical hyperkalemia (K+ of 7.8), you must first administer D50% to prevent hypoglycemia.
What is insulin?
In the case study, the patient had this classic sign of heart failure exacerbation.
What is pitting edema in lower extremities?
These three factors affect stroke volume.
What are preload, contractility, and afterload?
A QRS duration greater than or equal to this value indicates a bundle branch block.
What is 0.12 seconds (120ms)
This medication is given as a 6 mg rapid IV push via stopcock for SVT, followed by a 20 mL NS flush.
What is adenosine?
This is the first step after identifying an irregular rhythm on a monitor.
What is "check your patient"?
This type of heart failure has an EF less than 40% and means the LV can't contract proplerly
What is systolic heart failure? (HFrEF)
This is the most severe degree of AV block, where no atrial impulses are conducted to the ventricles.
What is third-degree (complete) heart block?
Beta-blockers decrease HR, contractility, and slow conduction through this cardiac structure.
What is the AV node?
For a symptomatic patient in A-fib with RVR this is the first priority.
What is rate control?
The atrial kick provides this percentage range of cardiac output.
What is 15% - 30%?
This type of second-degree AV block can progress to third-degree and often requires a pacemaker.
What is a 2nd degree heart block type 2 or Mobitz Type II?
This positive inotrope requires monitoring of apical pulse and potassium levels.
What is digoxin?
A symptomatic patient with a LBBB on a 12-lead ECG may need this intervention.
What is a pacemaker insertion?