Sulfa
T/F: Sulfonamide antibiotics can inhibit both gram(-) and gram(+) bacteria
True
Will tetracyclines form salts in an acidic or in a basic solution?
Both
What kind of protein is CWT?
penicillin binding protein
Is penicillin V or penicillin G more potent?
Penicillin G
What is the general MOA of quinolones?
They inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis in many ways
Sulfonamide antibiotics act as ___________ inhibitors of dihydropteroate synthase.
competitive
What kind of antibiotic is tigecycline classified as?
glycylcycline
What does binding of beta-lactam antibiotics to PBP-1 lead to?
Cell lysis
T/F: Serum binding of penicillins is directly related to degree of ionization of side chain.
F, is inversely related
What is the use of of first generation quinolones restricted to?
Protein free compartments (urinary tract)
What does trimethoprim inhibit?
dihydrofolate reductase
What condition has been associated with use of out-of-date tetracyclines?
Fanconi-like syndrome
What ring system is in all penicillins?
6-Aminopenicillanic acid
What kind of reaction is a beta-lactam allergy?
Haptenic
Why should quinolones not be used casually before puberty?
They have been shown to cause erosion of load bearing joints in young animals
What does modification of the aniline amino group result in?
Loss of activity, unless prodrug
What is required for both aminoacyl tRNA and TCN to bind to the ribosome?
Mg++
Which product is a result of both hydrolysis of penicillins by bases or by beta-lactamase?
Penicilloic acid
What is imipenem hydrolyzed by?
renal dehydropeptidase-I
At physiologically relevant pH values, quinolones are ___________.
zwitterionic
If two sulfonamides have similar pKa values, what decides which has the greater effect on protein binding?
the lipophilicity of the N1 substituent
What is the simplest tetracycline derivative with broad spectrum activity?
6-Demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline
What is the overall result of CWT reaction with beta-lactam antibiotics?
CWT permanently inhibited (destroyed) and cell wall defective
First generation cephalosporins are primarily active in vivo against which kind of bacteria?
Gram-positive cocci
What is the primary target of quinolones in gram-negative bacteria?
Topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase)