Free & Responsible Press
This guarantees civil rights like the freedom of speech, religion, and assembly.
What is the First Amendment
The collective attitudes and/or beliefs of citizens about political issues and leaders.
What is public opinion?
The favoring of one side or perspective in reporting.
What is bias?
This control over speech and the press is often used by authoritarian governments or dictators.
What is censorship?
This type of information is often biased and misleading, and is used to spread influence over public opinion.
What is propaganda?
These things are provided by a responsible press.
What are accurate, fair, and verified information while avoiding deliberate misinformation.
The media uses these to shape political campaigns. (Must list at least 2)
What are advertisements, coverage of debates, framing issues, and agenda-setting?
This exaggerated form of news attracts readers, but often sacrifices truth.
What is yellow journalism?
The first ten amendments to the Constitution protect civil rights, including protecting the press from government interference.
What is the Bill of Rights?
Propaganda is used primarily for this reason in politics.
What is manipulate opinions for political goals?
These are the reasons a free press is necessay.
What are government accountability, informed citizens, and supportive of democratic participation?
While television once dominated with visual sound-bites (like the Kennedy-Nixon debates), this form of media now amplifies issues related to elections.
What is social media?
Clickbait headlines like celebrity scandals, fear-based health stories, or partisan shock headlines.
What are modern examples of sensationalism?
Govenrment censorship does this by limitinig access to the truth and stifling dissent.
These psychological techniques are often incorporated with propaganda to influence opinon by triggering emotions and reducing critical thinking. (Only 1 is needed)
What are fear appeals, bandwagon effect, glittering generalities, gaslighting, or scapegoating?
Free press shaped political life in America during the 1970s when Watergate investigative reporting led to the resignation of this president.
Who is Nixon?
These blogs, podcasts, and other independent outlets can challenge mainstream narratives, spread misinformation, and amplify marginalized voices.
What is alternative media?
This use of bias may lead voters to see candidates more positively or negatively.
What is framing issues in partisan ways?
These nations still directly control media outlets and block online information. (Must name all 3)
What are China, Russia, & North Korea?
In war, propaganda is often used for these reasons. (List 2)
What are mobilizes support, demonizes enemies, and unifies citizens?
The press may have limits during wartime to protect things such as this.
What is national security?
While the media increases public awareness, it may also manipulate or polarize ideals among voters.
What are ways the media shapes the American political scene?
This can undermine democracy by spreading misinformation, but it can also strengthen democracy by engaging citizens emotionally in important issues.
What is propaganda?
This is the term for government action preventing material from being published. The Supreme Court generally rules against it (Near v. Minnesota, New York Times v. U.S. “Pentagon Papers” case) as a violation of free press rights.
What is prior restraint?
This is the main reason propaganda is used in times of peace.
What is persuades public opinion about policies, elections, or social issues?