Media Producers
Ordinary people who create media content on social media platforms and become famous due to their large audiences of followers
influencers
Working only with established professionals, or hiring people who look most like the predecessor in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, etc.
logic of safety
Coined by Romy Frölich, the vicious circle that traps women upon arrival in the media industry. First, they are praised for their so-called feminine skills, but these skills are simultaneously the obstacle as they attempt to climb the corporate ladder, as masculine traits are still considered desirable in managerial positions
"friendliness trap"
“computationally enabled technologies and platforms” that include mobile phones, online communication, social media, and streaming services
digital media
Safiya Umoja Noble's work on this search engine explains how human bias creeps into the computer programs that govern and manage our lives
1) media jobs that are usually articulated as "craft" positions and are also far more invisible. Women are often employed in these positions; 2) media jobs that usually refer to "creative" professions. Men are more often employed in these positions
1) below the line workers; 2) above the line workers
gender inequality that is hierarchically organized (the inequality increases towards the top) and can't be explained by any other characteristics of the employee
glass ceiling
Neil Postman's term to describe how media technologies, and the production and use thereof, are forming an environment in which a symbolic order is reproduced
"media ecology"
Describes the fact that access to new media technologies is not equally distributed
The digital divide
The large size of the average cell phone is an example of this approach to building technology
"one-size-fits-men"
Media workers who define legitimate and illegitimate culture, what is desirable, and by whom it is desirable. For example, music producers
cultural intermediaries
Indicates a situation where women are promoted as often as men but receive lower wage gains consequent upon promotion
sticky floor
A Marxist feminist theory describing the "high/low" culture distinction; For example, while popular media genres such as soap operas, romance novels, and popular music have been viewed as mass culture of low quality, genres such as current affairs programs, literature, and classical music have been branded as high culture, connoting high quality and masculinity
"gendering of cultural forms"
“the term used to indicate the digital media content produced by what we formerly knew as audiences.” Includes news sites, blogs, web shops, photo sites, social media content, file sharing sites, and open-access software
User Generated Content (UGC)
a practice that continues “to assert and, so to speak, militarize the boundaries between in-group and out-group populations on the Internet”
trolling
These music industry workers play a role in solidifying men's dominance on the Top 40 charts
radio DJs
1) refers to an informal system of friendship and mutual assistance through which men who are acquainted with each other through, for example, student fraternities and private schools, exchange favors and connections, or it may be an informal gathering of, for example, high profile media managers (e.g. a sports club); 2) a term that refers to the replication of this system in the age of new media, disproving its egalitarian potential
1) old-boys' network; 2) new-boys' network
Henry Jenkins's concept referring to a fan activity of media consumers who take bits and pieces from existing media texts and re-appropriate them
"textual poaching"
This refers to changes in digital media and the fact that users' data facilitates the provision of extra personalized media content due to the work of algorithms
datafication
1) refers to specific media types/genres like human interest or entertainment media which are usually characterized as feminine. This media content usually has a lower status and, commonly, more women than men work in the production of this media; 2) refers to specific media types/genres with high status mostly made by men and characterized as masculine
1) "soft" media; 2) "hard" media
This media industry job reflects the only media profession to transform from a female-dominated profession to a male one
film writers
1) refers to specializations in a certain field and points out that women are more likely to specialize in different topics than men; 2) refers to the idea that women in the media industry are found in less managerial or "high up" positions as men
1) horizontal segregation; 2) vertical segregation
A theoretical model that diverts attention towards the "importance of human choices and action in technological change, rather than seeing technology as politically and ethically neutral, an independent force with its own inevitable logic and motives, or as a mysterious black box that cannot be analyzed socially"
"social shaping of technology" (SST)
The process through which digital media technologies have become less distinct from one another. For example, how smartphones allow us not only to make calls, but to watch TV, play games, shop, and post on social media.
convergence culture
Describes the uncertainty of creative work in new media
precarious labor