Radio Pioneers
Before radio, this technology sent messages as short and long clicks.
Telegraph
Edwin S. Porter made this 1903 film, the first major box office hit.
The Great Train Robbery
This 1938 Halloween broadcast by Orson Welles led some listeners to believe an alien invasion was real.
War of the Worlds
This was originally developed in the 1940s to improve poor reception in remote and mountainous areas.
Cable TV (CATV)
These types of services, such as Sirius and XM, charged a monthly fee for ad-free programming.
Satellite Radio
On December 24, 1906, this inventor became the first person to transmit his voice using radio waves.
Reginald Fessenden
George Melies directed this famous 30-scene production in 1902.
A Trip to the Moon
Radio was an inexpensive form of entertainment because programming was free once you bought this.
(Radio) Receiver
Early television shows were funded this way before networks took creative control.
Single sponsor
Before radio, popular songs spread through piano sheet music and this.
Word of mouth
In 1901, Guglielmo Marconi sent this single letter across the Atlantic Ocean from England to Canada.
"S"
This 1927 Warner Brothers film was the first to let audiences hear an actor's voice on screen.
The Jazz Singer
As radio dramas moved to television, radio stations discovered they could specialize in this.
Music
The Federal Communication Commission's repeal of this in 1987 set the stage for a surge in AM talk radio.
Fairness Doctrine
Charles Jenkins's television station W3XK began broadcasting in 1928 in this U.S. city.
Washington, D.C.
Station KDKA's first commercial broadcast on November 2, 1920 came from this U.S. city AND reported this major event.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; the presidential election results
In 1925, Warner Brothers acquired the rights to this system that pre-recorded sound onto a disc.
Vitaphone
Black disc jockeys sometimes improvised rhymes over music, helping influence the development of these genres.
Rap/Hip-Hop
Unlike Internet radio, podcasts are this.
Downloadable, rather than streamed
These types of platforms in the 1990s and 2000s shifted television programming towards more niche, specialized target audiences.
Cable/Digital
Lee de Forest's radio broadcasts ended in 1917 because the U.S. government did this.
Halted all private radio stations
Filmmakers chose Hollywood, California for its year-round weather, its variety of natural landscapes, and this inexpensive resource.
Land
This radio western eventually became a long-running, award-winning television series.
Gunsmoke
Networks and viewers embraced this type of sitcom in the 1960s as relief from stress and turmoil.
Fantasy/Escapism
He was the first U.S. president to appear live on broadcast television.
Franklin D. Roosevelt