Cardiovascular Emergencies
What is the term for chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart?
Angina
What is the term for difficulty breathing?
Dyspnea
What acronym is used to assess for a stroke?
FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time)
What is the severe allergic reaction that can cause airway swelling?
Anaphylaxis
What condition results from prolonged exposure to cold?
Hypothermia
A patient with chest pain, sweating, and nausea likely has what condition?
Acute Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
A patient with expiratory wheezing is most likely experiencing what?
Asthma Attack (Bronchospasm)
Anaphylactic Shock (Bronchoconstriction)
What is a temporary loss of consciousness caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the brain?
Syncope
What medication reverses an opioid overdose?
Naloxone (Narcan)
A patient with hot, dry skin and confusion is likely suffering from what?
Heat Stroke
What medication should an EMT give a suspected heart attack patient if allowed by protocol? And what dose?
Aspirin 324 mg
Nitroglycerin .4 mg
What device can an EMT use to assist breathing in a patient with respiratory failure?
Bag-Valve Mask (BVM)
What condition might cause a diabetic patient to become confused and sweaty?
Hypoglycemia
An adult patient with hives, wheezing, and low blood pressure after a bee sting needs what drug? And what dose?
Epinephrine .3 mg
What should an EMT suspect in a patient found unconscious near a running car in a closed garage?
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
What life-threatening rhythm might an AED detect and advise a shock in a cardiac arrest patient?
Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib)
Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)
Pink, frothy sputum is a classic sign of what respiratory emergency?
Acute Pulmonary Edema (CHF)
What is the post-seizure phase of confusion called?
Postictal State
Pinpoint pupils and shallow breathing suggest what type of overdose?
Opioid Overdose
What is the first step in treating a patient with suspected heat exhaustion?
Move them to a cool environment
What signs and symptoms will we see in righ sided heart failure?
Dependent edema and JVD
What intervention might an EMT or ALS perform for a tension pneumothorax if trained?
Needle Decompression
Why is rapid transport critical for a patient with a suspected stroke?
To meet the time window for clot-busting drugs (e.g., tPA) or interventions
What should an EMT do first for a patient exposed to a poison, before specific treatment? And what number should they call?
Ensure scene safety and remove the patient from the source. 1-800-222-1222
What life-threatening condition might develop in a diabetic patient with high blood sugar, dehydration, and rapid breathing?
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)