Cell Biology
What organelle is responsible for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation?
What is the mitochondria?
What molecule carries genetic information in most living organisms?
What is DNA?
What macromolecule class includes enzymes?
What are proteins?
What organ pumps blood throughout the body?
What is the heart?
What variable is intentionally changed in an experiment?
What is the independent variable?
What cellular structure regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
What is the plasma membrane?
What term describes different versions of the same gene?
What are alleles?
What bond links amino acids together in proteins?
What is a peptide bond?
What blood cells are primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
What are red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
What group does not receive the treatment in an experiment?
What is the control group?
Which process moves molecules across membranes using transport proteins but without energy input?
What is facilitated diffusion?
What process produces RNA from a DNA template?
What is transcription?
What molecule serves as the main energy currency of the cell?
What is ATP?
What hormone regulates blood glucose levels by lowering them?
What is insulin?
What statistical measure describes the average of a dataset?
What is the mean?
What phase of the cell cycle includes DNA replication?
What is the S phase?
What is the term for when one allele masks the expression of another?
What is dominance?
What type of inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to an enzyme’s active site?
What is competitive inhibition?
What part of the nephron is responsible for most water reabsorption?
What is the proximal tubule?
What type of graph is commonly used to show relationships between two continuous variables?
What is a scatter plot?
What cytoskeletal component is primarily responsible for cell shape and intracellular transport?
What are microtubules?
What genetic law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation?
What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?
What metabolic pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate in the cytoplasm?
What is glycolysis?
What branch of the nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion?
What is the autonomic nervous system?
What term describes the likelihood that results occurred by chance in hypothesis testing?
What is the p-value?