CARDIOLOGY
The most common cause of myocardial infarction
what is Atherosclerotic plaque rupture with thrombotic coronary artery occlusion?
The most common causative organism of community-acquired pneumonia
what is Streptococcus pneumoniae.?
This is the most common cause of COPD
what is Cigarette smoking?
The urine protein to creatinine (using a random urine specimen) ratio has been shown to have a good correlation with the 24-hour urine protein determination.
what is URINE ACR : The urine protein to creatinine (using a random urine specimen)?
The diagnostic HbA1c threshold for diabetes mellitus?
what is ≥6.5%.?
ECG finding characteristic of hyperkalemia
what is Tall peaked T waves?
This is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ghana
what is Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).?
The antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression?
what is Naloxone?
This acid-base disorder is associated with vomiting
what is Metabolic alkalosis?
This electrolyte abnormality is commonly seen in diabetic ketoacidosis?
what is Total body potassium deficit?
The first-line treatment for stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)
what is Guideline-directed medical therapy including
1. ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI
2. Beta blocker
3. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
4. SGLT2 inhibitor.
This HIV-related infection is associated with a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm³
what is Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)?
The diagnostic test of choice for pulmonary embolism in stable patients
what is CT Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA).
Five classic indications for emergency dialysis
what is Severe hyperkalemia, pulmonary edema, severe acidosis, uremia and intoxication.?
The most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
what is Graves disease?
This murmur increases with the Valsalva maneuver
what is Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
Which antibiotic is the treatment of choice for neurosyphilis?
what is Intravenous Penicillin G.?
The Light's criterion is used for?
what is Differentiating exudative from transudative pleural effusions.
This urinary cast is characteristic of Acute Tubular Necrosis
what is Muddy brown granular casts?
The triad of Whipple's syndrome?
what is
1. Symptoms of hypoglycemia
2. Documented low glucose,
3. Symptom relief after glucose administration.?
The most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes
what is Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Name the Duke criteria used to diagnose infective endocarditis.
what is Major and minor clinical criteria including positive blood cultures and evidence of endocardial involvement?
The most common histological subtype of lung cancer in non-smokers
what is Adenocarcinoma?
The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults worldwide
what is
Membranous nephropathy (primary);
diabetes is the most common secondary cause
This endocrine disorder is characterized by hyperpigmentation, hypotension, and hyponatremia?
what is Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?