hard mass formed when crystals of cholesterol or bile pigments precipitate together
100
Diabetes risk factors? Name 3
High risk ethnic group
Family History
high blood pressure
100
What is diabetes mellitus
a group of metabolic disorders
characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin
metabolism
100
reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle,
adipose, and liver cells.
What is Insulin resistance
100
the condition in which blood
glucose levels are higher than normal but not
high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes;
formally called impaired glucose tolerance.
What is Prediabetes
200
Where do gallstones form ?
biliary tract: the gallbladder and bile ducts
200
When excess bile pigments crystallize
Not as common as cholesterol stones
Develops more in people to have cirrhosis, biliary tract infections or some hereditary blood disorders
What are Pigment stones
200
Hyperinsulinemia is
an abnormally high level of insulin in the blood
200
pancreatic hormone that regulates blood
glucose concentrations.
What is Insulin
200
glucose in the urine
Glucosuria
300
Too much cholesterol component of bile
Gallbladder does not contract forcible enough to empty contents
What are cholesterol stones
300
Gallstone symptoms and when they usually occur?
Nausea, vomiting, and bloating.
Symptoms usually develop after meals, especially after eating fatty foods.
300
What is impaired glucose tolerance?
The inability to maintain normal blood
glucose levels without excessive insulin production
300
is a disease in which your pancreas does not
produce enough insulin, or your body does not properly
use the insulin it makes.
What is Type 2 Diabetes
300
disease in which the pancreas does not produce
insulin. If you have type 1 diabetes, glucose builds up in
your blood instead of being used for energy.
the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct.
400
Medical Nutrition Therapy for gallstones
Low fat diet (with less than 30% of total kcalories from fat)
Weight loss, if needed (done safely and effectively)
400
Name the diabetic results of the oral glucose tolerance test
Equal to or greater than 11.1mmol/L
after 2 hours
400
Treatment goals for diabetes
Maintain blood glucose within a desirable range
Achieve optimal blood lipid levels
Control blood pressure
Support health and well-being
Prevent and treat complications
Appropriate education to patients and loved ones about
diabetes.
400
Name the diabetic results of the fasting blood test and the random (throughout the day) blood test
Fasting blood glucose equal to or
greater than 7mmol/L
Random blood glucose equal to or
greater than 11mmol/L
500
inflammation of the bile ducts.
What is Cholangitis
500
Non surgical procedures for gallstones
Medication
Shock-wave lithotripsy
500
Name 4 acute complications of diabetes
Hyperglycemia
Glucosuria
Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 1
Diabetes
Dehydration
Fluid and Electrolyte
imbalances
Diabetic coma
Hyperglycemia in treated
Diabetes
Hypoglycemia in treated
Diabetes
500
Name 5 Symptoms of diabetes
Frequent urination (polyuria)
Dehydration, dry mouth
Increased thirst (polydipsia)
Blurred vision
Increased infections
Weight change (loss or gain)
Increased hunger (polyphagia)
Fatigue or lack of energy
Cuts and bruises that are slow to heal
Tingling or numbness in hands and feet
500
Treatment for type 1 diabetes and type 2
Type 1 -insulin, diet timing and consistency, exercise
Type 2-often diet and exercise