Cardiovascular System
These blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
These tiny air sacs in the lungs are where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it.
What are alveoli?
This muscular tube connects the mouth to the stomach.
What is the esophagus?
These cells transmit electrical impulses throughout the nervous system.
What are neurons?
These chemical messengers are secreted into the blood to regulate body functions.
What are hormones?
What is the largest vein in the body?
The Inferior Vena Cava (IVC).
This muscle contracts to allow the lungs to expand during inhalation.
What is the diaphragm?
This organ produces bile, which helps break down fats during digestion.
What is the liver?
This part of the brain controls balance and coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
This hormone, made by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels.
What is insulin
This type of blood pressure is measured when the heart is contracting.
What is systolic pressure?
This iron-containing protein in red blood cells binds oxygen for transport throughout the body.
What is hemoglobin?
Yellowing of the skin and eyes is a sign of this buildup of bilirubin from liver or bile duct problems.
What is jaundice?
This disease occurs when the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath around neurons, slowing nerve signals.
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
This disease occurs when the pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin, causing high blood sugar levels.
What is diabetes mellitus?
This condition happens when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.
What is heart failure?
This lung infection fills the air sacs with fluid or pus, making it hard to breathe deeply.
What is pneumonia?
This enzyme, found in saliva, begins the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates.
What is amylase?
This viral infection can inflame the brain or its protective membranes, leading to symptoms like fever, stiff neck, and confusion.
What is meningitis (or encephalitis)?
This hormone from the hypothalamus controls the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.
What is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?
Long-term high blood pressure forces the heart to work harder, eventually leading to this type of thickening of the heart muscle.
What is left ventricular hypertrophy?
This emergency procedure creates an opening in the windpipe to help someone breathe when their airway is blocked.
What is a tracheotomy?
Chronic infection with this bacteria can cause peptic ulcers and increase the risk of stomach cancer.
What is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)?
This cranial nerve controls heart rate, digestion, and other parasympathetic functions.
What is the vagus nerve (Cranial Nerve X)?
This hormone from the adrenal cortex helps the body retain sodium and water, increasing blood pressure.
What is aldosterone?