Renal & Fluids
This nursing task is essential to evaluate kidney function and fluid balance.
What is strict intake and output (I&O) monitoring?
his medication is used to reduce ammonia levels in patients with liver disease.
What is lactulose?
Patients who receive this type of transplant are at high risk for infection.
What is a lung transplant?
During a nosebleed, the patient should be positioned this way.
What is leaning forward with the head tilted forward?
This basic nursing action is critical for patients at risk for renal failure.
What is monitoring intake and output?
One of the primary causes of acute renal failure involves decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
What is prerenal failure?
Elevated ammonia levels are most commonly associated with this condition.
What is hepatic encephalopathy?
Lung transplant patients require lifelong use of these medications.
What are immunosuppressants?
This position helps prevent aspiration during epistaxis.
What is sitting upright and leaning forward?
Lactulose effectiveness is evaluated by monitoring this.
What is decreased ammonia levels or improved mental status?
This lab value is most closely monitored to assess kidney function.
What is creatinine?
These dilated veins in the esophagus are at high risk for life‑threatening bleeding.
What are esophageal varices?
This term describes a patient with a weakened immune system.
What is immunocompromised?
Massive bleeding from esophageal varices can quickly lead to this condition.
What is hypovolemic shock?
A patient with esophageal varices should avoid this activity.
What is vomiting or excessive coughing/straining?
This condition can result from prolonged hypotension and leads to infarction of the bowel wall.
What is bowel ischemia?
The priority nursing concern for a patient with esophageal varices is preventing this complication.
What is hemorrhage?
The most important teaching for an immunocompromised patient involves preventing this.
What is infection?
This vital sign change is an early indicator of acute blood loss.
What is tachycardia?
Immunocompromised patients should avoid this to reduce infection risk.
What are crowds or sick contacts?
Failure to maintain adequate fluids can worsen this type of kidney injury.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?
This assessment finding indicates worsening liver failure and elevated ammonia.
What is decreased level of consciousness?
A fever in a transplant patient should be treated as this level of urgency.
What is a medical emergency?
The priority action for suspected internal bleeding is assessing this system first.
What is airway and breathing?
The highest priority nursing concept.
What is early recognition and prevention of complications?