Medical Basics
What is the normal resting heart rate range for adults?
60–100 beats per minute
What is the main function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen
DNA stands for what?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What inherited blood disorder primarily affects people of African descent?
Sickle cell disease
What global health organization declared racism a public health crisis in 2020?
American Public Health Association (APHA)
What blood type is known as the universal donor?
O negative
Which organ filters blood and produces urine?
Kidneys
What enzyme is responsible for unwinding DNA during replication?
Helicase
Black women in North America are how many times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications compared to white women?
About 3–4 times more likely
Which continent still bears the highest burden of HIV/AIDS cases globally?
Africa
What is the term for the body maintaining stable internal conditions?
maintaining stable internal conditions?Homeostasis
What is the smallest functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What cellular process results in the production of mRNA from a DNA template?
Transcription
Which chronic condition has a higher prevalence among Black adults and is a major risk factor for stroke and kidney disease?
Hypertension
Which WHO program focuses on improving maternal and child health outcomes worldwide?
Every Woman Every Child Initiative
What hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
What part of the brain controls heartbeat and breathing?
Medulla oblongata
What type of mutation results in a premature stop codon within a coding sequence?
Nonsense mutation
What dermatological condition appears differently on darker skin and is often underdiagnosed in Black patients?
Melanoma or psoriasis
The first African country to successfully eliminate malaria was which nation?
Algeria
What is the body’s largest internal organ?
The liver
What type of joint is the shoulder?
Ball-and-socket joint
During oxidative phosphorylation, which complex of the electron transport chain directly reduces oxygen to water?
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)
Which multifactorial disease shows disparities due to genetic (APOL1) and social determinants among Black populations?
Chronic kidney disease
This Ghanaian scientist developed a rapid test for malaria, helping diagnose millions across Africa.
Dr. Betty K. K. Osei-Tutu or Dr. Frimpong-Boateng