Medication Administration
MAR stands for...
Medication Administration Record
Topical medications are applied using.
With an apparatus such as a cotton swab or a tongue blade.
OR a gloved finger
The delivery of medication from the site of administration to various organs in the body.
Distribution
NPO
Nothing by mouth
L to ml
What is 1 L equals 1000 ml
List the 6 rights of medication administration.
Right:
patient, drug, dose, route, time, documentation,
Used ONLY for medication intended for systemic absorption.
Transdermal Patches
What is the onset of p.o. administered medications?
Ususally 20-30 mins, but up to an hour
The deactivation of drugs in the body where drugs are chemically deactivated or changed into an inactivated form in preparation for excretion.
Drug Metabolisim
When preparing the eye for medication instillation what must we do first?
Cleanse the eye gently from inner to outer canthus.
G to mg
What is 1 G equals 1000 mg
Any noxious, unintended, and undesired result of taking a drug in appropriate doses
adverse reaction
What directions would you give a parent when educating how to instill ear drops for their 3 year old.
Pull lower ear lobe down and backward prior to instillation.
The movement of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream.
Absorption
How far should you insert a rectal suppository in an adult.
Up to 4 inches. NEVER force.
32 oz to lb.
What is 2 lbs
A pre-existing condition that makes it unsafe or otherwise inappropriate to administer a particular drug
Contraindication
When is a rectal medication contraindicated?
When there is active rectal bleeding.
The ultimate removal of drug molecules from their sites of action and elimination from the body.
Excretion
When are oral mediations contraindicated?
Patients with impaired swallowing. Risk for aspiration is to great.
Patients who have nausea or vomiting.
NPO
Absence of a gag reflex
18 inches to feet
What is 1.5 feet
Number of times the nurse should check the medication being administered against the MAR.
3 times.
Reasons a patient may not adhere to the medication regimen.
Cost.
Visual and motor deficit: Can not read label or manipulate bottles/syringes.
Unable to tolerate side effects.
Forgetfulness
Impaired mental capacity
Do symptoms of disease
Does not believe in the medication regimen
What are the essential parts of a medication order.
Patient's full name.
Date and time
Name of the medication
Dosage. frequency
Route of administration
Signature of the provider.
Drugs are metabolized in the body by these .
Kidneys
Liver
Gastrointestinal tract.
Lungs
Blood Plasma are primary organs of drug metabolism
What are ways you can help a person who has difficulty swallowing take their medications.
You may crush the tablets if not contraindicated
See if the medication is available in liquid form
Gently massage the area just below the chin to initiate swallowing.
Ask for a speech (swallow) consult and collaborate with the speech therapist for other suggestions.
10:15pm in military time`
What is 2215
Besides using 2 identifiers what do you ask the patient before administering a new medication
Do you have any allergies?
Injection into a vein
What is intravenous
Given on a regular schedule until the provider cancels or replaces the order
What is routine order
Primary excretion of medications from the body takes place where?
What is the kidneys
Number of identifiers used before administering medications
What is 2
2300
What is 11:00 pm
Drugs that enter through the GI tract
What is enteral
Injection into a muscle 18 - 27 gauge
45 to 90 degree angle depending on patients size
What is IM
Most convenient and easiest administration
Expected response
What is therapeutic effects
Given at the request of a patient or when the nurse observes the need
What is prn order
4 hrs equals how many minutes
what is 240 minutes
Initially the MAR is verified with the ...
The provider's order.
ID, SQ, IV or IM
What are parenteral routes
What is the biggest risk associated with oral administration of medications?
What is aspiration
Higher concentration to lower concentration
What is diffusion
To be given once and immediately
What is stat
4 T to ounces
What is 120 oz
Applied to the skin or mucous membranes for a localized effect
What is topical administration
Administered through nasal or oral passages
What is inhalation route
Types of medications that you don't crush. Name 3
What is enteric coated, XL, SR
Unintended response
What are adverse effects
To be given once up to 90 minutes after the order is given
What is now order
Explain BID vs q12h
BID is twice a day, but does not have to be in 12-hour intervals. BID can be morning and evening during waking hours. Every 12 hours need to given on that interval
An older adult patient needs an intramuscular injection of antibiotic. Which site is best to use?
What is ventrogluteal
Administered to the eye area for a localized effect.
What is intraocular route
The essential component that is missing
Jane Doe
September 23, 2023 0735
Amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours for 10 days
Dr. John Smith
What is route
Medication reaches the intended site and begins to break down
What is metabolism
PCN
What is penicillin
6 t to T
What is 2 T