vaccines
What diseases came up in 2019
Corona virus
What are semi-synthetic and natural opioids? list 2 examples of each.
Natural Opioids Derived from the opium poppy, including morphine, codeine, and opium. Semi-Synthetic & Synthetic: Lab-made, such as heroin, fentanyl, methadone, oxycodone, and hydrocodone.
When did the overdose crises start and what drug
2010, heroin
what do anxiolytic/ anti - anxiety lower
Cortisol levels.
What are antibiotics, and what kinds of infections are they used to treat?
Antibiotics are medicines that kill bacteria or stop them from growing. They are used to treat bacterial infections, such as strep throat, some ear infections, and some lung infections like bacterial pneumonia.
what is a vaccine
Vaccines are safe, effective biological preparations (injections, liquids, or nasal sprays) that stimulate the immune system to defend against diseases
how do narcotics work
Narcotics bind to specific molecules called opioid receptors on certain nerve cells in the brain, the spinal cord, and throughout the body.
what year did fentanyl start appearing in drugs
2013
What are anxiolytics
are drugs designed to treat symptoms of anxiety disorders by reducing fear, tension, and dread.
How do antibiotics help the body fight bacterial infections?
Antibiotics help the body by attacking bacteria directly. Some antibiotics damage the bacteria’s cell wall, causing the bacteria to burst and die. Others stop the bacteria from making proteins or DNA, which prevents them from growing and multiplying.
is a highly contagious disease with a infection that spreads through your respiatory causing red eyes, coughing, high fever, and a rash. When they inject, the body’s immune system recognizes the weakened virus as foreign and produces specific antibodies.
what are effects of narcotics (list 4)
Constipation, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, sedation, and suppressed immune system.
Severe Side Effects: Slowed breathing (respiratory depression), coma, or death.
Psychological effects: Euphoria, apathy, or confusion.
what stimulants are often mixed with fentanyl
cocaine and methamphetamine
how to anxiolytics work
They work by slowing down the central nervous system, often enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA to create a calming effect.
Why don’t antibiotics work against viruses like the flu or the common cold?
Antibiotics don’t work against viruses because bacteria and viruses are very different types of germs. Antibiotics are designed to target structures that bacteria have, such as cell walls, which viruses do not have. Since viruses work differently inside our cells, antibiotics cannot affect them.
is a highly contagious respiratory illness that attacks airways and lungs. has plenty of symptoms that include fever, cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, loss of taste/smell, and sore throat.vaccines teach the immune system to recognize and fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus by producing antibodies against its spike protein, without causing the disease.
Corona Virus
What are risks of taking opioids?
People who inject opioids are at an increased risk of diseases caused by viruses such as hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They also may develop bacterial infections that cause inflammation of the heart’s inner lining (endocarditis).
What is the overdose crisis, and what are two major factors that have contributed to it in recent years?
The overdose crisis is a large and ongoing increase in deaths caused by people taking too much of a drug, especially opioids. Two major factors that have contributed to it are: The rise of powerful synthetic opioids Misuse and overprescribing of prescription painkillers.
what are side effects of SSRIs/SNRIs and Benzodiazepines
SSRIs/SNRIs may cause nausea, sexual dysfunction, or insomnia initially. Benzodiazepines can cause sedation, dizziness, and memory problems
What is antibiotic resistance, and how does it develop?
: Antibiotic resistance is when bacteria change in a way that makes antibiotics no longer able to kill them or stop their growth. It develops when antibiotics are used too often or used incorrectly, such as when people don’t finish their prescription or take them when they don’t need them. This gives resistant bacteria a chance to survive and multiply.
What is Hepatitis B, how is it transmitted, and how does the Engerix-B vaccine help prevent it?
short answer key:
Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted through infected blood. The Engerix-B vaccine prevents the disease by introducing a harmless piece of the virus’s surface protein into the body, which prompts the immune system to produce protective antibodies.
What drug is added to illicit drugs and illegally manufactured counterfeit pills. These pills may look exactly like prescription medications such as oxycodone or benzodiazepines,
Fentanyl
What is getting more involved in overdose deaths
tranquilizer xylazine “tranq”
List 3 catagories of anxiolytics
SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors): Often the first line of treatment.
SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors): Treat chronic anxiety and panic disorders.
Benzodiazepines (Short-term/Acute Use):
Why is it important to finish the full course of prescribed antibiotics, even if you start to feel better?
It is important to finish the full course because some bacteria may still be alive even after you start feeling better. If you stop too soon, those remaining bacteria can survive, multiply, and possibly become resistant to that antibiotic, making future infections harder to treat.