Religion
This is what "hajj" means.
What is pilgrimage?
This West African civilization was founded by a sickly boy named Sundiata.
What is Mali?
This Eastern African kingdom was formed from African farmers and people from the Middle East who brought Jewish traditions.
What is Axum?
These two things were the most profitable to African Kingdoms.
What are salt and gold?
This is the name of the empire that built the Hagia Sophia and established the religion of Orthodox Christianity.
What is the Byzantine Empire?
This ruler's pilgrimage to Mecca was an expensive journey--he gave so much gold in Cairo that the price of gold lowered.
Who is Mansa Musa?
This group built a number of independent clay-walled cities. The walls were built for protection.
Who are the Hausa?
This is what isolated Ethiopia.
What are mountains?
This is how trade impacted commercial city-states.
What is it made them stronger? [other answers accepted]
This is the ruler of Russia who killed his own son.
Who is Ivan the Terrible?
This isolated kingdom had unique Christian churches.
What is Ethiopia?
This West African kingdom had a capital called Kumbi Saleh, traded with Muslim merchants, and was eventually overwhelmed by the invading force of the Almoravids.
What is Ghana?
This Ethiopian ruler directed the building of unique churches that were carved down from ground level.
Who is King Lalibela?
This is a word that means "anything extra" or "more than needed"
What is surplus?
This is the body of water that the Byzantine empire surrounded.
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
This ruler personally converted to Islam, but allowed people in his kingdom freedom of religion.
Who is Mansa Musa?
This West African kingdom was ruled first by Sonni Ali, and then by Askia Muhammed, who converted to Islam.
What is Songhai?
This is the name of ANY of the commercial cities of Eastern Africa
What are Kilwa, Mogadishu, Mombasa, or Sofala?
This is a word that means "valuable product"
What is commodity?
What is the Oprichniki?
This founder of Songhai did NOT convert to Islam, and kept tradition religious practices.
Who is Sonni Ali?
This kingdom of West Africa existed in the rain forests of the Guinea coast and traded pepper and ivory.
What is Benin?
This is the name of the language that emerged from the Eastern African trading system.
What is Swahili?
This is why salt was valuable.
What is
1. it was rare
2. it was important for health
This is the name of the empire that took over Constantinople and renamed it Istanbul.
What is the Ottoman Empire?