Tang
How long did the Tang Dynasty rule for?
300 years
tenant farming
farmers who rent the land they farm bc rich families bought most of the good farmland
Genghis Khan
name translates to "ruler of world"
is controversial
kublai khan's grandfather
Hongwu
Aka Zhu yuan zheng
despot
killed and arrested 100k ppl after accusing them of plotting against him
5 categories of innovations
paper
printing
tea
porcelain
steel
who was Tang Taizong
brilliant emperor, many achievements, army expanded under his reign, reconquered land
What was the Silk Road?
Network of small trade routes connecting Asia and Europe
promoted cultural diffusion
4000 miles
Kublai Khan
Genghis Khan's grandson
took over northern china after 20 year effort to defeat the Song
declared himself ruler of new dynasty, the Yuan
Yongle
Hongwu's son (took power after his death)
continued father's pattern of absolute rule
moved capital to Beijing
Military technology
rockets
gunpowder
What is a bureaucracy
A system of government with many departments (bureaus) each led by an appointed official.
Civil service exams
Made sure gov't officials=qualified
based on skill/talent not wealth
Who was Marco Polo?
A favored guest of Kublai khan
was employed as a diplomat and official
traveled around the empire and wrote stories about what he saw
Tribute
Payment/gift to more powerful country
exploration and travel
improving travel by sea
improving travel on lakes bridges and rivers and canals
Who was empress Wu
Capable and ruthless leader
only woman to rule china on her own
Who were scholar officials? What was the merit system.
Elite group of men meant to restore bureaucracy
got in through civil service exams
merit system-ppl hired based on talent
Revival of trade (3 reasons)
1) merchants=treated better
2)sea trade continued
3) Silk Road reopened
Zheng he
Official
sent by dongle to lead series of large sea voyages to earn tributary states
disease prevention
disinfectant
vaccines
What is the largest planned city?
Chang'an
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
The divine right to rule china
Social pyramid
Mongols
other foreigner
ppl from northern china
ppl from southern china
Why did china turn inward
Yongle died
voyages ended
tributary system stopped
everyday objects
mechanical clock
game cards
paper $