Byzantine Empire
This is the modern name of the capital of Constantinople
Istanbul
This major event caused Western European society to dramatically change, allowing for the creation of smaller kingdoms and eventually towns
Fall of Rome
These modern European countries are the homeland of Charlemagne and the HRE
France and Germany
The Crusades was mostly against this other major religion in the world, due to their conquering of Jerusalem
Western Europe developed this major branch of Christianity
Roman Catholicism
The Byzantines also believed in Christianity, developing a major branch known as THIS
Eastern Orthodoxy
People found their homes and work in medieval towns and cities thanks to the protection promised by kings and counts, this became known as THIS system of government/society
Feudalism
Charlemagne's father is remembered in history as Pepin the _____, even though he was never officially called that and we don't really know how tall he actually was
SHORT
This pope was the one who called for the first Crusade
Pope Urban II
The Pope ruled from this Western European city in Italy, formally a major capital
Rome
This great emperor saved the empire from riots, developed a code of laws, and expanded the territory of the empire to reclaim fallen Roman lands
Justinian I
While kings, queens, counts, lords, and knights are the most prominently remembered of the feudal period, between 90-95% of the population was made up by THIS social class
Peasants/serfs
This powerful individual officially crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
Pope Leo III
The Pope got the idea for the Crusade after THIS empire called for help against the invading Muslim empire
Byzantine
Christianity is this type of "-theism"
Monotheism
The rise of Christianity in Europe also meant the end of Gladiator fights, which were replaced by THIS sport. Constantinople featured this event in the Hippodrome
Chariot races
The most famous of the feudal kings is arguably Charlemagne. King of the Holy Roman Empire, he actually inherited the throne before being crowned HRE. His kingdom was originally known as THIS
Franks/Frankish Kingdom
In order to be in the good graces of the Church, Charlemagne's father gave the Church the lands in central Italy, which eventually became known as THIS
Papal States
While there was many major and minor Crusades, there are officially THIS MANY major Crusades
Nine
This is the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity
Constantine
Constantinople fell after being conquered by the Seljuks, part of THIS people who were originally nomads from Central Asia. Today, you can find Istanbul in a country that resembles their name
Turks
Members of the same industries (blacksmith, bakers, merchants, etc.) sometimes would band together in groups known as THIS. Eventually, these groups became so powerful they earned political power, especially in places like Italy
Guilds
This king finally destroyed the last of the Romans, and helped spread Christianity throughout Western Europe. He was also an early ruler of the kingdom Charlemagne inherited
Clovis
This is the HRE king who famously fell off his horse while crossing a river during the 3rd Crusade and drowned
Frederick I Barbarossa
This is the Roman governor of Judea who sentenced Jesus to be crucified
Pontius Pilate