Vocab
Magna Carta
Great Charter that required the King of England to respect certain rights of the people
Which European region was home to an advanced society developed by Muslim Moors and became the center of conflict during the Reconquista?
Iberian Peninsula
Why is Saint Patrick considered an important figure in world history?
He was a missionary who converted many people in Ireland to Christianity.
What were the Crusades?
A series of wars between Muslims and Christians over control of the Holy Land.
Please identify 3 symptoms of the Black Death.
Swelling of the lymph nodes (such as one’s armpits) to the size of eggs or apples, followed by the skin around these areas turning black
Fever
Chills
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Sudden Death
Guild
Associations formed by groups of specialized craftspeople who often perform the same job
Which continent shares a large landmass with Europe but is separated from Europe by natural barriers, including the Ural Mountains and the Black Sea?
Asia
Why did popes claim ultimate authority over the medieval Christian Church?
The pope was the bishop of Rome, and the position was originally held by Peter the Apostle.
What is the Holy Land?
Disputed area between modern-day Israel and Palestine, including Jerusalem, that is sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims
What are 2 ways in which the Black Death traveled
The disease traveled through the air or through the bites of fleas or rats that were infected.
Parliament
A lawmaking group formed to advise the monarch of England and limit their power
Why did Europeans build many cities along rivers and coastlines?
The bodies of water served as a natural barrier for the Europeans and decreased the opportunity for conflict.
Why did serfs and peasants give up their freedom to work on a lord’s land?
They would live in a safe place with protection from their lord.
What were the long-term consequences of the Crusades?
Europe and Asia exchanged more goods and ideas due to growing trade networks established during the wars.
What were some of the reasons people believed the Black Death spread? (2)
Miasma, Black Cats, Punishment from God, blaming others
Feudalism
A social hierarchy in which nobles supplied knights with land in exchange for their military service and allegiance
What was the climate like in Southern Europe?
Southern Europe has a hotter and drier climate because several mountain ranges block the winds that bring rain to Northern Europe.
What conflict between England and France started the Hundred Years’ War?
The English king and a French noble claimed the throne in France after the French king died without an heir.
Why were the Christians able to defeat the Muslims and establish the Crusader States during the First Crusade?
The arrival of knights and professional soldiers caught the Muslims by surprise.
Reconquista
The process of the Christian kingdoms taking Spain back from the Moors
What was the climate like in Northern Europe?
Northwest Europe has a milder and wetter climate since winds from the Atlantic Ocean bring warm and rainy weather to the area.
Why did feudalism develop in medieval Europe?
The Frankish kings’ decreasing power meant that nobles had to create their own armies to defend their lands from invasion.
Consequences of the Crusades (please give 2)
Many people died in battle, and widespread destruction occurred throughout Europe.
Trade increased between Europe and Asia after people became aware of new goods and ideas.
The power of the Byzantine Empire declined in Eastern Europe.
The failures of the popes led them to become less powerful, while many kings became more powerful.
Religious tensions increased between Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
What are 2 consequences of the Black Death apart from a decrease in population
The church's power started to decline due to the deaths of many clergy members.
Many villages and towns became abandoned after many died and others fled.
The remains of the manor system fell apart since the peasants and serfs who survived could get jobs with better pay elsewhere.
Labor shortages also led to food shortages, so prices rose.