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What was the primary purpose of a castle?
Protection
What was the Domesday Book?
A list of people’s property, possessions and taxes owed in England
What is the name of the system of government in which land is exchanged for loyalty and services?
Feudalism
How does the Domesday Book help us today?
It gives an accurate picture of what life was like and also how the feudal system worked.
How was the Black Death spread?
True or False: Serfs were able to partake and enjoy holidays with the rest of the people and town.
True.
The word holidays comes from the words, "holy days" and everyone celebrated about 100 holidays per year.
King Henry introduced the shield tax. How did the shield tax benefit himself and future kings?
Kings no longer had to rely on lords for their soldiers as they could now use the money from taxes to pay for their own soldiers.
King Henry II introduced the trial by jury system. How did this help create a more fair legal system?
With a jury trial, a group of people considered the evidence and decided whether someone was innocent or guilty
Who won the Hundred Years' War, England or France?
France
Joan of Arc is remembered for being ______________________.
a very religious person.
In the Middle Ages, people had poor health because they had poor __________.
Hygiene
Why were serfs an important part of the manor system?
Serfs farmed and provided food for themselves and the lord's family
What led to the murder of Thomas Beckett?
The king's soldiers overheard King Henry speaking out of anger saying, "Who will rid me of this man?" so then the soldiers went out and killed Thomas Beckett. The king was very sad to hear what happened.
How did the Black Death help improve working conditions for serfs?
The death of so many people meant that serf labor was now more valuable, so serfs could demand better treatment.
Define the word revive.
To return to strength; to "bring back to life"
Define the word Monarch.
A king or queen
In 1066, the king of England died without any children. Several people claimed that they should be the next king of England. One was an English lord named Harold, who had himself crowned king. Another person with a claim to the throne was William, duke of Normandy.
In late September 1066, William and his army of knights and foot soldiers crossed the English Channel and defeated the English army. King Harold was killed in the battle. William was crowned king of England and also known as William the Conqueror.
What was this battle called?
The Battle of Hastings
Name one thing that women were not allowed to do that men were allowed to do in the Middle Ages?
Attend school/university
Archbishop of Canterbury
Name two reasons in which life was harder for women in the Middle Ages.
Dangerous childbirth-where the mom and baby could die,
Women could not go to school
They worked hard on the farms and taught the children at home
They were not recognized or noticed much
How was Parliament different from a ruling monarch?
Parliament included representatives.
Why was the invasion by William the Conqueror in 1066 important?
The invasion of William the Conqueror changed the English language and who became the next king of England.
Why was Eleanor of Aquitaine considered extraordinary in the Middle Ages? (Give three reasons)
She was very smart
She owned a lot of land
She was the duchess of Aquitaine, then she became queen at two different times
Eleanor made important reforms like introducing standard coins and a system of weight and measures
She made some laws better than they were
In what way did Magna Carta change the monarchy in England?
It forced the king to respect the laws concerning certain rights of the nobles.
Name three things that Joan of Arc did that was extraordinary.
She heard voices from God and the saints
She was 17 years old and a peasant girl who became a fierce warrior
She dressed as a man so she could speak to the Dauphin (the heir to the French throne)
Joan convinced the Dauphin to give her an army and she would lead it to victory. Joan and a small French force drove the English from Orleans. Joan is sometimes called the Maid of Orleans for this feat.
She was brave in battle and had an arrow pierce her neck, but she continued fighting
She helped the French win the Hundred Years' War
The Church declared her a saint after she was executed/killed