These people were invading Europe as the western Roman Empire was falling.
Who are Germanic tribes/peoples?
100
These languages formed because people who used to speak Latin no longer spoke the same language anymore.
What are the Romance languages?
100
This king converted to Christianity and converted his people to it, and was the first major leader in Europe to form an alliance with the Catholic Church.
Who is Clovis?
100
These were usually the only non-nobles to have an education.
Who are priests, monks, or nuns?
100
This is where most of Rome's learning was protected during the Middle Ages.
What is the Byzantine Empire?
200
These people had been living in Spain as early as the 600s, but were pushed out by Frankish and Spanish armies.
Who are the Muslims?
200
This kingdom fell apart after Charlemagne died and left it to his three sons.
What is the Holy Roman Empire?
200
This Frankish leader defeated a Muslim army at Tours and stopped their expansion into France.
Who is Charles Martel?
200
The Church became this kind of power after Pope Gregory I decided to start collecting taxes, raising armies, and claiming power over kings.
What is a political power?
200
Charlemagne encouraged education and literacy throughout his kingdom during the period known as this.
What is the Carolingian Renaissance?
300
These people came from Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and were also called "Norsemen".
Who are the Vikings?
300
This was created because knights were generally a violent group who tended to behave immorally.
What is the Code of Chivalry?
300
This man was the first Holy Roman Emperor, and the second half of his name means "the Great".
Who is Charlemagne?
300
The Church gave these two benefits to medieval society.
What is providing structure and uniting people?
300
Charlemagne and later Holy Roman Emperors did this to keep power in their own hands.
What is limit the power of the nobles?
400
These eastern European nomads attacked western Europe in order to capture slaves, and never settled down.
Who are the Magyars?
400
These people were confined to working around the house and producing children, were second class citizens, and generally deprived of the ability to be educated or determine their own lives.
Who are women?
400
This Holy Roman Emperor tried to limit the power of his nobles by gaining the support of the Church and its clergy.
Who is Otto I?
400
This punishment excommunicates a whole kingdom or area as a punishment for the leader's disobedience to the pope.
What is an interdict?
400
This social system was shaped like a pyramid, and depended on each level swearing loyalty to the level above them and protection and land to the level below them.
What is feudalism?
500
These people began invading Italy in the 10th and 11th centuries, which angered the pope and Italian cities.
Who are the Germans?
500
The Holy Roman Emperor was a weak ruler compared to the kings of England and France because he got his power this way.
What is election by elector princes of the Holy Roman Empire?
500
This Holy Roman Emperor fought with the pope over lay investiture, was excommunicated, and begged for three days in the snow before the pope lifted his excommunication.
Who is Henry IV?
500
This was the primary problem popes and kings fought about in the Middle Ages.
What is lay investiture?
500
These people were not slaves, but they were legally tied to the land they work, and could be sold with the land, but not without it.