The modern country the Frankish Kingdoms became.
France
The founder of Islam.
Muhammad.
The Byzantine emperor assembled a collection of Roman laws.
Justinian I
The modern-day European country that was conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate.
Spain
The empire that Byzantium was a continuation of.
Roman Empire
The Europeans that were the first to explore North America.
Vikings
The fall of this city heavily disrupts trade in Medieval Western Europe.
Rome
The lowest group in Medieval Western Europe that had to work the land of their lords.
Serfs
The capital of the Byzantine Empire.
Constantinople
Islam
The city at the center of the Islamic Golden Age.
Baghdad
The social group that was favored by the Umayyad Caliphate.
Arab Muslims
The emperor who founded the Byzantine Empire.
Constantine
The city that Europeans aimed to recapture during the Crusades.
Jerusalem
The period of history that begins after the fall of Constantinople, as Europeans seek out naval trade routes.
Age of Exploration
This group is partially responsible for feudalism arising in Medieval Western Europe.
Vikings
The peninsula conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate.
Arabian Peninsula
The leader of the Catholic Church.
The Pope
The revival of education and literacy after the 'Dark Ages' in Western Europe.
Carolingian Renaissance
This Caliphate reached the largest extent of any Islamic empire.
Umayyad Caliphate
The empire that conquered the Byzantine Empire in 1453.
Ottoman Empire
The victor in the Hundred Years' War.
France
The plague that devastated the world in the 14th century.
Black Death
Jews and Christians had to do this within the Islamic Empires.
Pay Taxes (jizya)
The three empires shown in the map.
I - Ottoman Empire, II - Safavid Empire, III - Mughal Empire
The holiest city in Islam.
Mecca
Massive domed cathedral in Constantinople.
Hagia Sophia
The Persian Empire that was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate.
Sasanian Empire
The surprising turn of events in 1204 in which Constantinople was sacked by Western European armies.
Fourth Crusade
The first Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks.
Charlemagne
The three international trade networks the Islamic Empires were heavily involved in.
Trans-Saharan, Indian Ocean, & Silk Road
The system where monks and nuns live separately from society in monasteries or convents.
Monasticism
Mediterranean Sea & Black Sea
The event in the 11th century in which Christianity split into 2 branches.
Great Schism
Agricultural system in Medieval Europe in which land is divided up to preserve soil fertility and increase crop productivity.
Three-Field System
The leader that defeated the Abbasids and conquered Baghdad.
Hulegu Khan
The system in which the Byzantine emperor is also the head of the church.
Caesaropapism
The critical battle in which the Franks halted Arab expansion north.
Battle of Tours
The main economic system of Western Medieval Europe.
The caliphate that ended the favoritism and treated groups more equally.
Abbasid Caliphate