Geography
What body of water separates England and France?
What is the English Channel
Who followed a code called chivalry in Medieval Europe?
What are Knights?
What religion did Charlemagne force many people to adopt?
What is Catholic Christianity?
What was the name of the battle in 1066 that led William the Conqueror to become king of England?
What is the Battle of Hastings?
What important document limited the power of the king and protected some rights of the people?
Magna Carta
Which mountain range separates Europe from Asia?
What are the Ural Mountains
What is manorialism?
An economic system in the Middle Ages in Western Europe based on manors and agricultural production
List two major impacts of Charlemagne’s rule on Western Europe
Increased influence of the Catholic Church and united much of Western Europe into an empire
Name one political effect of William the Conqueror’s reign on England
Political stability in England
What idea about government did the Magna Carta establish regarding the king’s power?
It limited government/king’s power
Name the major European mountain range that runs through Switzerland, Italy, and Austria
What are the Alps
In feudalism, what did a vassal typically promise to do for a lord, and what did the lord usually give the vassal in return?
Vassal serves/protects lord and lord grants land (a fief)
Explain why Charlemagne and the Pope “needed each other to maintain power.”
They needed each other to maintain power (the Pope gave legitimacy; Charlemagne protected the Church)
Why was control of land so important for medieval kings and lords
Land = wealth and power, and provided food/tax income and soldiers
How might nobles use the Magna Carta to challenge the king?
Nobles could refuse illegal taxes or demand lawful courts
Why does Western Europe have a mild climate?
What is the North Atlantic Drift - Gulf Stream which brings warm water and air
Describe the life a serf and/or a peasant under the manorial system.
Serfs were tied to the land and had limited economic options; peasants could move and sell produce
Charlemagne and the Pope “needed each other to maintain power.” Give one example of how each helped the other.
Pope crowned Charlemagne Emperor (gave religious legitimacy); Charlemagne protected the papacy and enforced Church rules
Describe how the Norman Conquest helped shape the English language
Norman French words combined with Anglo- Saxon and became English
What does Magna Carta mean?
Great Charter
What important role did monks play as they traveled all over Europe?
Converted people to Christianity and spread religion
Give two ways monks helped preserve learning in the Middle Ages
Studied Greek & Latin, translated ancient philosophers, ran schools and copied/preserved manuscripts
What day did the Pope make Charlemagne Emperor of Europe?
Christmas Day
What year was the Battle of Hastings?
1066
What were the things that King John did to anger the nobles?
Put people in jail without cause, raised taxes, lost wars