Medieval Europe 1
Religion that the vast majority or Medieval Europe practiced.
Christian (Catholic)
Another name for the Medieval Age
Middle Ages - Dark Ages
What increased between Europe and Asia because of the Crusades.
Trade, the spread of ideas, and diseases
The collective title for Religious leaders within the church, such as the priests, bishops, monks, and cardinals
The Clergy
Pieces of land or property granted by a feudal lord to a vassal
Fief
A political and social system of the Middle Ages in which powerful nobles gave land to lesser nobles in exchange for service and loyalty.
Feudalism
In Medieval Europe, monks lived here to practice a life of prayer, worship, and study.
Monastery (church, cathedral)
Where did Black Plague spread?
Along trade routes like the Silk Road.
What are the classes in Medieval European Feudalism?
King, Lord, Knights, Peasants/serfs
What is The Black Death another name for?
The Plague or Bubonic Plague
Peasants who lived and worked on the land belonging to a lord or vassal, and had no freedom to leave.
Serfs
The plague was caused by...
fleas on rats
City in the Christian Holy Land that was fiercely fought over during the Crusades.
Jerusalem
A code for knights that established rules for loyalty and honor
Chivalry
What building did Nobles and Kings live in?
Castles
Lesser than nobles, this group received land and money in exchange for their loyalty, protection, and military service.
Knights
How much of the population was killed by the plague?
Estimates are between 30-50% of the total population of Europe
The economic system centered on the manor where peasants lived and worked.
Manoralism
This religion developed in the Middle East.
Islam, Judaism, and Christianity
True or False. The Catholic Church was very powerful but lacked financial or political power.
False. The Catholic Church had enormous wealth and held more power than even kings.
Sultan of Egypt who recaptured Jerusalem from the Christians in 1187
Saladin
1144, when the City of Edessa was conquered by the Turks
The most successful Crusade
The First Crusade
Symptoms of the Black Plague:
Black pus filled sores, bleeding out of the mouth and eyes, weakness, cough.
The group stationed between Kings and Knights in the Feudal system
Lords/Nobles
A __________ is an attack on a fortified castle or stronghold.
siege
Kings and Queens granted _______ and ________________ to the people in their kingdom in exchange for loyalty and taxes.
land and protection
the People's Crusade
When an army of children marched towards the Holy Land.
The Children's Crusade
These were holy wars waged by the Pope against the Muslims over control of Jerusalem
What were the Crusades
Skilled workers capable of producing specialized crafts like blacksmiths or carpenters.
Craftspeople
1095 was significant because
Start of the First Crusade
an estate controlled by a lord. It typically included a manor house or castle, a peasant village, church, farmland, and common lands like forests or pastures.
Manor
The Black Death led to labor shortages, which allowed peasants the opportunity for
better pay, more resources.
______________________ was the person who began the crusades with his fiery speech.
Pope Urban II